General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression
E782675
General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression is an authoritative interpretation by the UN Human Rights Committee that elaborates states’ obligations to respect and protect the right to hold opinions and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas under Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
All labels observed (3)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T9170065 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression Context triple: [General Comments (UN Human Rights Committee), hasExample, General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression]
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A.
General Comment No. 4 on article 3 of the Convention
General Comment No. 4 on article 3 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretation by the UN Committee against Torture clarifying states’ obligations to prevent refoulement and protect individuals from being returned to countries where they risk torture.
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B.
General Comment No. 3 on article 14 of the Convention
General Comment No. 3 on article 14 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretation by the UN Committee against Torture detailing states’ obligations to ensure redress and rehabilitation for victims of torture under the Convention against Torture.
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C.
General Comment No. 1 on the implementation of article 3 of the Convention
General Comment No. 1 on the implementation of article 3 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretative document by the Committee against Torture that clarifies states’ obligations to prevent refoulement to countries where individuals risk torture.
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D.
General Comment No. 2 on the implementation of article 2 of the Convention
General Comment No. 2 on the implementation of article 2 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretative document by the Committee against Torture that clarifies states’ obligations to prevent torture and ill-treatment under Article 2 of the UN Convention against Torture.
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E.
Act on the Exercise of Freedom of Expression in Mass Media
The Act on the Exercise of Freedom of Expression in Mass Media is a Finnish law that regulates how freedom of speech is practiced and protected in the country’s mass media and communications.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression Target entity description: General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression is an authoritative interpretation by the UN Human Rights Committee that elaborates states’ obligations to respect and protect the right to hold opinions and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas under Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
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A.
General Comment No. 4 on article 3 of the Convention
General Comment No. 4 on article 3 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretation by the UN Committee against Torture clarifying states’ obligations to prevent refoulement and protect individuals from being returned to countries where they risk torture.
-
B.
General Comment No. 3 on article 14 of the Convention
General Comment No. 3 on article 14 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretation by the UN Committee against Torture detailing states’ obligations to ensure redress and rehabilitation for victims of torture under the Convention against Torture.
-
C.
General Comment No. 1 on the implementation of article 3 of the Convention
General Comment No. 1 on the implementation of article 3 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretative document by the Committee against Torture that clarifies states’ obligations to prevent refoulement to countries where individuals risk torture.
-
D.
General Comment No. 2 on the implementation of article 2 of the Convention
General Comment No. 2 on the implementation of article 2 of the Convention is an authoritative interpretative document by the Committee against Torture that clarifies states’ obligations to prevent torture and ill-treatment under Article 2 of the UN Convention against Torture.
-
E.
Act on the Exercise of Freedom of Expression in Mass Media
The Act on the Exercise of Freedom of Expression in Mass Media is a Finnish law that regulates how freedom of speech is practiced and protected in the country’s mass media and communications.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
UN Human Rights Committee document
ⓘ
authoritative interpretation ⓘ general comment ⓘ |
| addresses |
access to information held by public bodies
ⓘ
defamation laws and their compatibility with Article 19 ⓘ expression on the internet and other electronic communication ⓘ freedom of political discourse ⓘ freedom of the press ⓘ hate speech and incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence ⓘ morals-based restrictions on expression ⓘ national security restrictions on expression ⓘ prior censorship and licensing of the media ⓘ protection of bloggers and others who disseminate information ⓘ protection of human rights defenders ⓘ protection of journalists ⓘ public order restrictions on expression ⓘ states’ positive obligations to foster a diverse media ⓘ |
| adoptedBy |
Human Rights Committee
ⓘ
United Nations Human Rights Committee ⓘ
linked to:
Human Rights Committee
|
| adoptedUnder | International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ⓘ |
| aimsTo |
guide states parties in implementing Article 19 ICCPR
ⓘ
promote protection of freedom of opinion and expression worldwide ⓘ |
| clarifies |
obligations of states to protect individuals against interference by third parties
ⓘ
obligations of states to respect and ensure freedom of expression ⓘ permissible restrictions on freedom of expression ⓘ relationship between freedom of opinion and freedom of expression ⓘ requirements of legality, necessity and proportionality for restrictions ⓘ scope of states’ obligations under Article 19 ICCPR ⓘ |
| emphasizes |
any restriction on freedom of expression must be provided by law
ⓘ
freedom of opinion is absolute and may not be restricted ⓘ restrictions must be necessary and proportionate ⓘ restrictions must pursue a legitimate aim under Article 19(3) ICCPR ⓘ states must guarantee an environment for free exchange of ideas ⓘ |
| fullName | General Comment No. 34: Article 19: Freedoms of opinion and expression ⓘ |
| legalNature | non-binding but authoritative interpretation ⓘ |
| legalStatus | interpretative guidance on Article 19 ICCPR ⓘ |
| relatesToArticle | Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ⓘ |
| shortName | General Comment No. 34 ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
freedom of expression
ⓘ
freedom of opinion ⓘ right to hold opinions without interference ⓘ right to impart information and ideas ⓘ right to receive information ⓘ right to seek information ⓘ |
| usedBy |
UN treaty bodies
ⓘ
linked to:
United Nations treaty bodies
human rights practitioners ⓘ national courts ⓘ regional human rights bodies ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression Description of subject: General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression is an authoritative interpretation by the UN Human Rights Committee that elaborates states’ obligations to respect and protect the right to hold opinions and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas under Article 19 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
General Comments (UN Human Rights Committee)
→
hasExample
→
General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression
ⓘ
subject linked to:
General Comments
General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression
→
fullName
→
General Comment No. 34: Article 19: Freedoms of opinion and expression
ⓘ
linked to: General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression
linked to: General Comment No. 34 on freedoms of opinion and expression