Price equation
E765764
The Price equation is a mathematical formulation in evolutionary biology that partitions changes in a trait’s average value into components due to natural selection and transmission effects across generations.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Price equation canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8912775 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Price equation Context triple: [Fisher's fundamental theorem of natural selection, relatedConcept, Price equation]
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A.
Fisher equation
The Fisher equation is a fundamental economic formula that relates nominal interest rates, real interest rates, and expected inflation, widely used in macroeconomics and finance.
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B.
Price
Price is a common English surname and word referring to the amount of money expected, required, or given in payment for something.
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C.
The Price
The Price is a 1968 play by American dramatist Arthur Miller that explores family conflict, memory, and the cost of choices through the story of two estranged brothers dividing their late father's possessions.
-
D.
The Price
"The Price" is a film featuring Swedish actress Noomi Rapace, known for her intense, character-driven performances.
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E.
On Equilibrium
On Equilibrium is a philosophical work by John Ralston Saul that explores the importance of balancing key human qualities—such as reason, ethics, and common sense—to create a more humane and democratic society.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Price equation Target entity description: The Price equation is a mathematical formulation in evolutionary biology that partitions changes in a trait’s average value into components due to natural selection and transmission effects across generations.
-
A.
Fisher equation
The Fisher equation is a fundamental economic formula that relates nominal interest rates, real interest rates, and expected inflation, widely used in macroeconomics and finance.
-
B.
Price
Price is a common English surname and word referring to the amount of money expected, required, or given in payment for something.
-
C.
The Price
The Price is a 1968 play by American dramatist Arthur Miller that explores family conflict, memory, and the cost of choices through the story of two estranged brothers dividing their late father's possessions.
-
D.
The Price
"The Price" is a film featuring Swedish actress Noomi Rapace, known for her intense, character-driven performances.
-
E.
On Equilibrium
On Equilibrium is a philosophical work by John Ralston Saul that explores the importance of balancing key human qualities—such as reason, ethics, and common sense—to create a more humane and democratic society.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
evolutionary biology concept
ⓘ
mathematical equation ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
allele frequencies
ⓘ
any system with entities that reproduce and transmit properties ⓘ cultural traits ⓘ genetic traits ⓘ phenotypic traits ⓘ |
| assumes |
entities have fitness values and trait values
ⓘ
reproduction with possible change in trait values ⓘ |
| canBeExtendedTo |
frequency-dependent selection
ⓘ
multilevel selection models ⓘ non-genetic inheritance ⓘ stochastic evolutionary processes ⓘ |
| captures | statistical relationship between fitness and trait values ⓘ |
| criticizedFor |
being an identity rather than a predictive model
ⓘ
limited intuitive biological interpretation in some forms ⓘ |
| describes | change in average trait value between generations ⓘ |
| expresses | change in mean character value as covariance between fitness and trait plus expectation of within-lineage change ⓘ |
| field |
evolutionary biology
ⓘ
population genetics ⓘ theoretical biology ⓘ |
| formulatedBy | George R. Price ⓘ |
| generalizes | selection differential ⓘ |
| includesComponent |
covariance term
ⓘ
expectation term ⓘ natural selection term ⓘ transmission bias term ⓘ |
| influenced |
development of modern kin selection theory
ⓘ
formal treatments of group selection ⓘ |
| mathematicalForm | Δz̄ = Cov(wᵢ, zᵢ)/w̄ + E(wᵢΔzᵢ)/w̄ ⓘ |
| namedAfter | George R. Price ⓘ |
| partitions | evolutionary change into selection and transmission components ⓘ |
| publicationDecade | 1970s ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Fisher’s fundamental theorem of natural selection
ⓘ
Robertson–Price identity ⓘ covariance selection mathematics ⓘ replicator equation ⓘ |
| usedFor |
analyzing evolutionary change in structured populations
ⓘ
analyzing group selection ⓘ analyzing kin selection ⓘ analyzing multilevel selection ⓘ analyzing natural selection ⓘ decomposing evolutionary dynamics ⓘ studying cultural evolution ⓘ studying evolutionary game theory ⓘ studying gene–culture coevolution ⓘ studying inclusive fitness ⓘ studying selection on correlated traits ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Price equation Description of subject: The Price equation is a mathematical formulation in evolutionary biology that partitions changes in a trait’s average value into components due to natural selection and transmission effects across generations.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.