Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof)
E728346
Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) is a leading House of Lords decision that clarified the civil standard of proof in child sexual abuse cases within English family law.
All labels observed (3)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8338874 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) Context triple: [Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead, notableWork, Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof)]
-
A.
Re B (Children) (Care Proceedings: Standard of Proof)
Re B (Children) (Care Proceedings: Standard of Proof) is a leading House of Lords decision that clarified the civil standard of proof required in child care proceedings under UK law.
-
B.
R v McIlkenny and others
R v McIlkenny and others is the criminal case in which the men later known as the Birmingham Six were controversially convicted in 1975 for the Birmingham pub bombings, convictions that were ultimately quashed in 1991.
-
C.
judgment in R v A (No 2)
The judgment in R v A (No 2) is a leading House of Lords decision on the admissibility of a complainant’s sexual history evidence in rape trials and the impact of the Human Rights Act 1998 on such evidential rules.
-
D.
Children Act 1989
The Children Act 1989 is a key piece of UK legislation that sets out the framework for the care, protection, and welfare of children, emphasizing their best interests and parental responsibilities.
-
E.
Children Act 2004
The Children Act 2004 is a key piece of UK legislation that reformed children’s services and safeguarding arrangements in England, promoting inter-agency cooperation and the welfare of children.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) Target entity description: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) is a leading House of Lords decision that clarified the civil standard of proof in child sexual abuse cases within English family law.
-
A.
Re B (Children) (Care Proceedings: Standard of Proof)
Re B (Children) (Care Proceedings: Standard of Proof) is a leading House of Lords decision that clarified the civil standard of proof required in child care proceedings under UK law.
-
B.
R v McIlkenny and others
R v McIlkenny and others is the criminal case in which the men later known as the Birmingham Six were controversially convicted in 1975 for the Birmingham pub bombings, convictions that were ultimately quashed in 1991.
-
C.
judgment in R v A (No 2)
The judgment in R v A (No 2) is a leading House of Lords decision on the admissibility of a complainant’s sexual history evidence in rape trials and the impact of the Human Rights Act 1998 on such evidential rules.
-
D.
Children Act 1989
The Children Act 1989 is a key piece of UK legislation that sets out the framework for the care, protection, and welfare of children, emphasizing their best interests and parental responsibilities.
-
E.
Children Act 2004
The Children Act 2004 is a key piece of UK legislation that reformed children’s services and safeguarding arrangements in England, promoting inter-agency cooperation and the welfare of children.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
House of Lords decision
ⓘ
United Kingdom case law ⓘ family law case ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) [1996] AC 563 ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw | English family law ⓘ |
| citation |
[1996] 1 All ER 1
ⓘ
[1996] 2 WLR 8 ⓘ [1996] AC 563 ⓘ |
| citedBy |
Re B (Children) (Care Proceedings: Standard of Proof) [2008] UKHL 35
ⓘ
Re U (Serious Injury: Standard of Proof); Re B [2004] EWCA Civ 567 ⓘ |
| country | United Kingdom ⓘ |
| court | House of Lords ⓘ |
| holding |
the civil standard of proof in child protection cases is the balance of probabilities
ⓘ
the more serious the allegation, the stronger the evidence needed to satisfy the balance of probabilities ⓘ the seriousness of an allegation does not change the standard of proof ⓘ there is no intermediate standard of proof between the civil and criminal standards ⓘ |
| impact | clarified evidential approach in care proceedings involving sexual abuse allegations ⓘ |
| influenced | subsequent family law decisions on child protection ⓘ |
| judge |
Lord Browne-Wilkinson
ⓘ
Lord Lloyd of Berwick ⓘ Lord Mustill ⓘ Lord Slynn of Hadley ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | England and Wales ⓘ |
| language | English ⓘ |
| leadingJudge | Lord Nicholls of Birkenhead ⓘ |
| legalIssue |
allegations of child sexual abuse
ⓘ
standard of proof in civil proceedings ⓘ threshold criteria under the Children Act 1989 ⓘ |
| legalPrinciple |
civil standard of proof applies in child protection cases
ⓘ
inherent probability of an event is a relevant consideration when evaluating evidence ⓘ no heightened standard of proof for serious allegations in civil cases ⓘ |
| legalSystem | common law ⓘ |
| neutralCitation | Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) [1996] AC 563 ⓘ |
| parties |
children (minors)
ⓘ
father ⓘ local authority ⓘ mother ⓘ |
| precedentStatus | leading authority on standard of proof in family proceedings ⓘ |
| standardOfProof | balance of probabilities ⓘ |
| statuteInterpreted | Children Act 1989 ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
alleged sexual abuse of children
ⓘ
care proceedings concerning minors ⓘ |
| topic |
burden and standard of proof
ⓘ
child protection ⓘ evidence law ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1996 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) Description of subject: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) is a leading House of Lords decision that clarified the civil standard of proof in child sexual abuse cases within English family law.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof)
→
neutralCitation
→
Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) [1996] AC 563
ⓘ
linked to: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof)
Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof)
→
alsoKnownAs
→
Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof) [1996] AC 563
ⓘ
linked to: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof)
linked to: Re H (Minors) (Sexual Abuse: Standard of Proof)