International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996
E719402
The International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 is an international maritime treaty that establishes a global regime for liability and compensation for damage caused by the sea transport of hazardous and noxious substances.
All labels observed (1)
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T8205598 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 Context triple: [Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances, relatedTo, International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996]
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A.
IMO codes and guidelines on noxious liquid substances
IMO codes and guidelines on noxious liquid substances are international regulatory instruments that classify, control, and set safety and environmental standards for the carriage of hazardous liquid chemicals in bulk by sea.
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B.
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the primary global treaty that sets standards to prevent and minimize pollution from ships, including oil, chemicals, sewage, garbage, and air emissions.
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C.
Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances
The Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances is an international maritime treaty that strengthens global measures for preventing, preparing for, and responding to pollution incidents involving hazardous and noxious substances other than oil.
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D.
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is a key international maritime treaty that sets minimum safety standards for the construction, equipment, and operation of ships to ensure the safety of life at sea.
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E.
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN)
The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN) is a United Nations treaty that sets harmonized safety and environmental standards for transporting hazardous materials on inland waterways in Europe.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 Target entity description: The International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 is an international maritime treaty that establishes a global regime for liability and compensation for damage caused by the sea transport of hazardous and noxious substances.
-
A.
IMO codes and guidelines on noxious liquid substances
IMO codes and guidelines on noxious liquid substances are international regulatory instruments that classify, control, and set safety and environmental standards for the carriage of hazardous liquid chemicals in bulk by sea.
-
B.
International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships
The International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships (MARPOL) is the primary global treaty that sets standards to prevent and minimize pollution from ships, including oil, chemicals, sewage, garbage, and air emissions.
-
C.
Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances
The Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances is an international maritime treaty that strengthens global measures for preventing, preparing for, and responding to pollution incidents involving hazardous and noxious substances other than oil.
-
D.
International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea
The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is a key international maritime treaty that sets minimum safety standards for the construction, equipment, and operation of ships to ensure the safety of life at sea.
-
E.
European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN)
The European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Inland Waterways (ADN) is a United Nations treaty that sets harmonized safety and environmental standards for transporting hazardous materials on inland waterways in Europe.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
international convention
ⓘ
maritime treaty ⓘ |
| adoptedBy | International Maritime Organization ⓘ |
| adoptionDate | 1996-05-03 ⓘ |
| adoptionPlace |
London
ⓘ
linked to:
London, England
|
| aim | to establish a global regime of liability and compensation for damage in connection with the carriage of hazardous and noxious substances by sea ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | 1996 HNS Convention ⓘ |
| amendedBy | Protocol to the HNS Convention, 2010 ⓘ |
| basedOn | model of the international oil pollution liability and compensation regime ⓘ |
| compensationTier |
first tier shipowner liability and insurance
ⓘ
second tier HNS Fund compensation ⓘ |
| covers |
loss of life and personal injury caused by hazardous and noxious substances carried by sea
ⓘ
pollution damage caused by hazardous and noxious substances carried by sea ⓘ property damage caused by hazardous and noxious substances carried by sea ⓘ risks of fire and explosion damage caused by hazardous and noxious substances carried by sea ⓘ |
| creates | HNS Fund ⓘ |
| defines | hazardous and noxious substances for the purposes of liability and compensation ⓘ |
| depositary | International Maritime Organization ⓘ |
| establishes |
a two-tier system of compensation
ⓘ
strict liability of the shipowner for damage caused by hazardous and noxious substances ⓘ |
| field |
international environmental law
ⓘ
international liability law ⓘ maritime law ⓘ |
| fundFinancedBy | receivers of hazardous and noxious substances in States Parties ⓘ |
| language |
Arabic
ⓘ
Chinese ⓘ English ⓘ French ⓘ Russian ⓘ Spanish ⓘ |
| liabilityType | strict liability with limited defenses for shipowners ⓘ |
| organization | International Maritime Organization legal instruments ⓘ |
| providesFor |
jurisdiction and enforcement rules for claims arising from HNS incidents
ⓘ
time limits for bringing claims for damage caused by hazardous and noxious substances ⓘ |
| purpose | to ensure adequate, prompt and effective compensation for damage caused by incidents involving hazardous and noxious substances carried by sea ⓘ |
| regulates | international carriage of hazardous and noxious substances by sea ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1969
ⓘ
International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage, 1971 ⓘ |
| requires | shipowners to maintain compulsory insurance or other financial security ⓘ |
| scope |
applies to damage in the exclusive economic zone of a State Party or equivalent area
ⓘ
applies to damage in the territory, including the territorial sea, of a State Party ⓘ applies to preventive measures to avoid or minimize damage from HNS incidents ⓘ |
| shortName | HNS Convention ⓘ |
| subject | liability and compensation for damage caused by hazardous and noxious substances carried by sea ⓘ |
| year | 1996 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 Description of subject: The International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996 is an international maritime treaty that establishes a global regime for liability and compensation for damage caused by the sea transport of hazardous and noxious substances.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to Pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances
→
relatedTo
→
International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea, 1996
ⓘ