Trowulan

E71241

archaeological site historical city

Trowulan is an archaeological site in East Java, Indonesia, believed to be the former royal city and cultural center of the Majapahit Empire.

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All labels observed (9)

Label	Occurrences
Trowulan canonical	28
Trowulan archaeological site	5
Trowulan Museum	4
Trowulan archaeological area	2
Trowulan Archaeological Site	1
Trowulan Majapahit capital area	1
Trowulan archaeological landscape	1
Trowulan area	1
Trowulan area (Majapahit capital)	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T569151 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Trowulan
Context triple: [Majapahit Empire, capital, Trowulan]

A. Cumae
Cumae was an ancient Greek colony in Italy, renowned as one of the earliest Hellenic settlements in the West and famous for its oracle, the Cumaean Sibyl.
B. Hatra
Hatra is an ancient fortified city in northern Iraq, renowned for its well-preserved blend of Hellenistic and Parthian architecture and its role as a major religious and trading center in the early centuries CE.
C. Plain of Jars
The Plain of Jars is a mysterious megalithic archaeological landscape in central Laos, scattered with thousands of large stone jars whose origins and purpose remain uncertain.
D. Kadmat
Kadmat is a coral island in India’s Lakshadweep archipelago, known for its white-sand beaches, clear lagoons, and vibrant marine life that make it a popular destination for snorkeling and diving.
E. Khami Ruins
Khami Ruins is an archaeological site in southwestern Zimbabwe featuring the stone-built remains of a precolonial African city that succeeded Great Zimbabwe as a major political and trading center.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Trowulan
Target entity description: Trowulan is an archaeological site in East Java, Indonesia, believed to be the former royal city and cultural center of the Majapahit Empire.

A. Cumae
Cumae was an ancient Greek colony in Italy, renowned as one of the earliest Hellenic settlements in the West and famous for its oracle, the Cumaean Sibyl.
B. Hatra
Hatra is an ancient fortified city in northern Iraq, renowned for its well-preserved blend of Hellenistic and Parthian architecture and its role as a major religious and trading center in the early centuries CE.
C. Plain of Jars
The Plain of Jars is a mysterious megalithic archaeological landscape in central Laos, scattered with thousands of large stone jars whose origins and purpose remain uncertain.
D. Kadmat
Kadmat is a coral island in India’s Lakshadweep archipelago, known for its white-sand beaches, clear lagoons, and vibrant marine life that make it a popular destination for snorkeling and diving.
E. Khami Ruins
Khami Ruins is an archaeological site in southwestern Zimbabwe featuring the stone-built remains of a precolonial African city that succeeded Great Zimbabwe as a major political and trading center.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (47)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	archaeological site ⓘ historical city ⓘ
associatedWith	Javanese Hindu-Buddhist civilization ⓘ Majapahit Empire ⓘ
contains	Bajang Ratu Gate ⓘ Candi Tikus ⓘ Segaran Pool ⓘ Trowulan Museum ⓘ linked to: Trowulan Wringin Lawang Gate ⓘ brick pavements ⓘ residential remains ⓘ temple ruins ⓘ water management structures ⓘ
country	Indonesia ⓘ
culturalAffiliation	Javanese ⓘ
discoveredBy	European scholars in the 19th century ⓘ
excavatedBy	Dutch archaeologists ⓘ Indonesian archaeologists ⓘ
flourishedDuring	reign of Gajah Mada ⓘ reign of Hayam Wuruk ⓘ
formerRole	cultural center of the Majapahit Empire ⓘ royal capital of the Majapahit Empire ⓘ
hasFeature	canal system ⓘ large artificial pool ⓘ urban planning ⓘ
hasMaterial	red brick ⓘ
hasMuseum	Trowulan Museum ⓘ linked to: Trowulan
heritageDesignation	National Cultural Heritage of Indonesia ⓘ linked to: National cultural heritage of Indonesia UNESCO World Heritage Tentative List ⓘ linked to: UNESCO World Heritage tentative list
heritageStatus	Tentative UNESCO World Heritage Site ⓘ
languageOfInscriptions	Old Javanese ⓘ linked to: Kawi (Old Javanese) Sanskrit ⓘ
locatedIn	East Java ⓘ Java ⓘ Mojokerto Regency ⓘ linked to: Mojokerto Trowulan District ⓘ
near	Jombang ⓘ Mojokerto ⓘ
partOf	Majapahit Empire ⓘ
primaryFunction	administrative center ⓘ economic center ⓘ political center ⓘ religious center ⓘ
religiousAffiliation	Hindu-Buddhist ⓘ
significance	largest known archaeological site of a classical Indonesian capital ⓘ
timePeriod	14th century ⓘ 15th century ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (44)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Majapahit Empire → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

Majapahit Empire → archaeologicalSite → Trowulan archaeological area ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Trowulan → contains → Trowulan Museum ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Trowulan → hasMuseum → Trowulan Museum ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Raden Wijaya → capitalEstablishedAt → Trowulan ⓘ

Raden Wijaya → associatedWith → Trowulan archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Hayam Wuruk → placeOfBirth → Trowulan ⓘ

Gajah Mada → workLocation → Trowulan ⓘ

Jayanegara → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

Tribhuwana Wijayatunggadewi → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

World Heritage Sites in Indonesia → hasSite → Trowulan Archaeological Site ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Mojokerto → near → Trowulan ⓘ

Mojokerto → hasNearbyAttraction → Trowulan archaeological area ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Trowulan District → contains → Trowulan archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Trowulan District → contains → Trowulan Museum ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Javanese Hindu-Buddhist civilization → capitalCities → Trowulan ⓘ

Bajang Ratu Gate → locatedIn → Trowulan ⓘ

Bajang Ratu Gate → partOf → Trowulan archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Candi Tikus → location → Trowulan ⓘ

Candi Tikus → partOf → Trowulan archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Candi Tikus → isPartOf → Trowulan Majapahit capital area ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Segaran Pool → locatedIn → Trowulan ⓘ

Segaran Pool → partOf → Trowulan archaeological landscape ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Kertarajasa Jayawardhana → placeOfRule → Trowulan ⓘ

Kertarajasa Jayawardhana → capitalEstablishedAt → Trowulan ⓘ

Gayatri Rajapatni → residence → Trowulan area ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Mpu Prapanca → placeOfActivity → Trowulan area (Majapahit capital) ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Majapahit royal ideology → associatedWithCapital → Trowulan ⓘ

Rajasanagara → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

Paduka Sori → residence → Trowulan ⓘ

Bubat incident → location → Trowulan ⓘ

Majapahit conquest campaigns in Nusantara → hasCapitalPower → Trowulan ⓘ

Wringin Lawang Gate → locatedIn → Trowulan ⓘ

Wringin Lawang Gate → partOf → Trowulan archaeological site ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Wringin Lawang Gate → locatedNear → Trowulan Museum ⓘ

linked to: Trowulan

Rajasa dynasty → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

Dara Petak → residence → Trowulan ⓘ

House of Rajasa → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

Dyah Gitarja → placeOfRule → Trowulan ⓘ

Gitarja → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

Kusumawardhani → placeOfActivity → Trowulan ⓘ

fall of Majapahit → hasLocation → Trowulan ⓘ

King of Majapahit → basedIn → Trowulan ⓘ

King of Majapahit → capital → Trowulan ⓘ

All labels observed (9)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (47)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (44)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited