Alfvén’s theorem in magnetohydrodynamics

Target entity: Alfvén’s theorem in magnetohydrodynamics
Context triple: [Hannes Alfvén, knownFor, Alfvén’s theorem in magnetohydrodynamics]

• A. Kruskal–Shafranov instability criterion
  The Kruskal–Shafranov instability criterion is a fundamental condition in plasma physics that predicts when a magnetically confined plasma column becomes unstable to kink-like distortions.
• B. Parker spiral model of the interplanetary magnetic field
  The Parker spiral model of the interplanetary magnetic field describes how the Sun’s rotating, magnetized solar wind stretches the solar magnetic field into an Archimedean spiral shape throughout the heliosphere.
• C. Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
  The Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence is a fundamental theory in fluid dynamics that predicts how kinetic energy is distributed across different scales in fully developed turbulent flow, most famously yielding the −5/3 power law for the inertial subrange.
• D. Taylor–Proudman theorem
  The Taylor–Proudman theorem is a fundamental result in geophysical fluid dynamics stating that in a rapidly rotating, inviscid, incompressible fluid, steady flows tend to be uniform along the axis of rotation, leading to columnar motion.
• E. Jeans instability
  Jeans instability is a gravitational phenomenon in astrophysics where regions within a gas cloud become unstable and collapse under their own gravity, leading to the formation of structures like stars and galaxies.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: Alfvén’s theorem in magnetohydrodynamics
Target entity description: Alfvén’s theorem in magnetohydrodynamics is a fundamental result stating that in a perfectly conducting fluid, magnetic field lines are “frozen” into the plasma and move with it, preserving their topology over time.

• A. Kruskal–Shafranov instability criterion
  The Kruskal–Shafranov instability criterion is a fundamental condition in plasma physics that predicts when a magnetically confined plasma column becomes unstable to kink-like distortions.
• B. Parker spiral model of the interplanetary magnetic field
  The Parker spiral model of the interplanetary magnetic field describes how the Sun’s rotating, magnetized solar wind stretches the solar magnetic field into an Archimedean spiral shape throughout the heliosphere.
• C. Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence
  The Kolmogorov spectrum of turbulence is a fundamental theory in fluid dynamics that predicts how kinetic energy is distributed across different scales in fully developed turbulent flow, most famously yielding the −5/3 power law for the inertial subrange.
• D. Taylor–Proudman theorem
  The Taylor–Proudman theorem is a fundamental result in geophysical fluid dynamics stating that in a rapidly rotating, inviscid, incompressible fluid, steady flows tend to be uniform along the axis of rotation, leading to columnar motion.
• E. Jeans instability
  Jeans instability is a gravitational phenomenon in astrophysics where regions within a gas cloud become unstable and collapse under their own gravity, leading to the formation of structures like stars and galaxies.
• F. None of above. chosen