Passerina cyanea
E675080
Passerina cyanea, commonly known as the indigo bunting, is a small North American songbird famed for the brilliant blue plumage of breeding males and its melodic song.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| indigo bunting | 2 |
| Passerina cyanea canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7580256 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Passerina cyanea Context triple: [Cardinalidae, notableSpecies, Passerina cyanea]
-
A.
Cyanocitta
Cyanocitta is a genus of North American jays in the crow family, best known for including the blue jay and Steller’s jay.
-
B.
Mountain bluebird
The Mountain bluebird is a small, bright sky-blue thrush native to western North America, often found in open habitats such as meadows and prairies.
-
C.
Colaptes auratus
Colaptes auratus, commonly known as the northern flicker, is a widespread North American woodpecker species recognized for its spotted plumage and distinctive loud calls.
-
D.
Brown thrasher
The Brown thrasher is a medium-sized North American songbird known for its rich, varied vocalizations and striking rufous-brown plumage with heavily streaked underparts.
-
E.
Western bluebird
The Western bluebird is a small North American thrush known for the male’s bright blue plumage with a rusty-orange chest and its preference for open woodlands and nest boxes.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Passerina cyanea Target entity description: Passerina cyanea, commonly known as the indigo bunting, is a small North American songbird famed for the brilliant blue plumage of breeding males and its melodic song.
-
A.
Cyanocitta
Cyanocitta is a genus of North American jays in the crow family, best known for including the blue jay and Steller’s jay.
-
B.
Mountain bluebird
The Mountain bluebird is a small, bright sky-blue thrush native to western North America, often found in open habitats such as meadows and prairies.
-
C.
Colaptes auratus
Colaptes auratus, commonly known as the northern flicker, is a widespread North American woodpecker species recognized for its spotted plumage and distinctive loud calls.
-
D.
Brown thrasher
The Brown thrasher is a medium-sized North American songbird known for its rich, varied vocalizations and striking rufous-brown plumage with heavily streaked underparts.
-
E.
Western bluebird
The Western bluebird is a small North American thrush known for the male’s bright blue plumage with a rusty-orange chest and its preference for open woodlands and nest boxes.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
bird species
ⓘ
indigo bunting ⓘ passerine ⓘ |
| breedsIn |
central North America
ⓘ
eastern North America ⓘ northern Florida ⓘ southern Canada ⓘ |
| class | Aves ⓘ |
| clutchSize | 3–4 eggs ⓘ |
| commonName |
indigo bunting
ⓘ
linked to:
Passerina cyanea
indigo finch ⓘ |
| conservationStatus | Least Concern ⓘ |
| conservationStatusSystem | IUCN ⓘ |
| describedBy | Carl Linnaeus ⓘ |
| diet |
berries
ⓘ
insects ⓘ seeds ⓘ |
| distributionTrend | widespread and common ⓘ |
| eggColor | white ⓘ |
| family | Cardinalidae ⓘ |
| femalePlumageColor | brown ⓘ |
| foragingStratum |
ground
ⓘ
low vegetation ⓘ |
| genus | Passerina ⓘ |
| habitat |
forest edges
ⓘ
roadsides ⓘ shrublands ⓘ weedy fields ⓘ |
| kingdom | Animalia ⓘ |
| maleBreedingPlumageColor | bright blue ⓘ |
| maleNonbreedingPlumageColor | brown with blue tinges ⓘ |
| migratoryBehavior | long-distance migrant ⓘ |
| nativeTo | North America ⓘ |
| nestLocation | low shrub ⓘ |
| nestType | cup nest ⓘ |
| nocturnalMigration | true ⓘ |
| order | Passeriformes ⓘ |
| orientationMechanism | uses stars for navigation ⓘ |
| phylum | Chordata ⓘ |
| primaryBreedingSubstrate | early successional habitats ⓘ |
| sexualDimorphism | present ⓘ |
| socialBehavior |
forms flocks in migration
ⓘ
solitary or in pairs during breeding season ⓘ |
| songFunction |
mate attraction
ⓘ
territorial advertisement ⓘ |
| songType | high-pitched musical warble ⓘ |
| taxonRank | species ⓘ |
| wintersIn |
Caribbean
ⓘ
Central America ⓘ northern South America ⓘ |
| yearDescribed | 1758 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Passerina cyanea Description of subject: Passerina cyanea, commonly known as the indigo bunting, is a small North American songbird famed for the brilliant blue plumage of breeding males and its melodic song.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.