Periplus of the Erythraean Sea
E638814
The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea is a mid-1st-century CE Greek navigational and trading manual that describes the ports, peoples, and commerce of the Red Sea, Arabian Sea, and Indian Ocean regions.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Periplus of the Erythraean Sea canonical | 15 |
| geographical work On the Erythraean Sea | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T7045031 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Context triple: [Chera dynasty, mentionedIn, Periplus of the Erythraean Sea]
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A.
The Keys of Marinus
The Keys of Marinus is a 1964 six-part serial from the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, written by Terry Nation and featuring the First Doctor on a quest across an alien world to recover powerful micro-keys.
-
B.
Qua Patet Orbis
Qua Patet Orbis is the Latin motto of the Netherlands Marine Corps, traditionally translated as "As far as the world extends" and reflecting its global reach and readiness.
-
C.
St Paul’s Voyage to Melita
St Paul’s Voyage to Melita is a choral-orchestral work by British composer George Dyson that depicts the Apostle Paul’s shipwreck and journey to Malta as recounted in the New Testament.
-
D.
The Travels of Marco Polo
The Travels of Marco Polo is a 13th-century travel narrative recounting Venetian explorer Marco Polo’s extensive journeys through Asia, particularly the Mongol Empire and China, and describing the lands, peoples, and customs he encountered.
-
E.
Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis
Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis is a medieval Latin Christian travel narrative recounting the legendary sea voyage of Saint Brendan and his companions in search of the Blessed Isles.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Target entity description: The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea is a mid-1st-century CE Greek navigational and trading manual that describes the ports, peoples, and commerce of the Red Sea, Arabian Sea, and Indian Ocean regions.
-
A.
The Keys of Marinus
The Keys of Marinus is a 1964 six-part serial from the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, written by Terry Nation and featuring the First Doctor on a quest across an alien world to recover powerful micro-keys.
-
B.
Qua Patet Orbis
Qua Patet Orbis is the Latin motto of the Netherlands Marine Corps, traditionally translated as "As far as the world extends" and reflecting its global reach and readiness.
-
C.
St Paul’s Voyage to Melita
St Paul’s Voyage to Melita is a choral-orchestral work by British composer George Dyson that depicts the Apostle Paul’s shipwreck and journey to Malta as recounted in the New Testament.
-
D.
The Travels of Marco Polo
The Travels of Marco Polo is a 13th-century travel narrative recounting Venetian explorer Marco Polo’s extensive journeys through Asia, particularly the Mongol Empire and China, and describing the lands, peoples, and customs he encountered.
-
E.
Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis
Navigatio Sancti Brendani Abbatis is a medieval Latin Christian travel narrative recounting the legendary sea voyage of Saint Brendan and his companions in search of the Blessed Isles.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (53)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
ancient Greek text
ⓘ
historical source ⓘ navigational manual ⓘ periplus ⓘ trading manual ⓘ |
| approximateDate | mid-1st century CE ⓘ |
| associatedWith | Alexandria ⓘ |
| author | unknown Greek-speaking merchant ⓘ |
| authorshipStatus | anonymous ⓘ |
| dateWritten | 1st century CE ⓘ |
| describes |
Arabian Peninsula coast
ⓘ
Arabian Sea ⓘ East African coast ⓘ Indian Ocean ⓘ Indian west coast ⓘ Persian Gulf region ⓘ
linked to:
Persian Gulf
Red Sea ⓘ |
| describesTradeIn | frankincense ⓘ |
| describesTradeIn | gold ⓘ |
| describesTradeIn |
ivory
ⓘ
myrrh ⓘ silver ⓘ textiles ⓘ tortoise shell ⓘ |
| describesTradeIn | spices ⓘ |
| genre | periplus ⓘ |
| historicalContext |
Indo-Roman trade
ⓘ
Roman Empire ⓘ |
| language | Ancient Greek ⓘ |
| mentions |
Aden
ⓘ
Adulis ⓘ Barigaza ⓘ Berenike ⓘ Muziris ⓘ Myos Hormos ⓘ Oman coast ⓘ Opone ⓘ Socotra ⓘ |
| originalLanguage | Ancient Greek ⓘ |
| placeOfOrigin |
Roman Egypt
ⓘ
linked to:
Ptolemaic–Roman Egypt
|
| significance |
important source for Indo-Roman commercial relations
ⓘ
key source for ancient Indian Ocean trade ⓘ |
| subject |
commodities
ⓘ
maritime trade ⓘ monsoon navigation ⓘ navigation ⓘ peoples ⓘ ports ⓘ trade routes ⓘ |
| title | Periplus of the Erythraean Sea ⓘ |
| usedBy |
archaeologists of the Indian Ocean world
ⓘ
classical philologists ⓘ historians of ancient trade ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Periplus of the Erythraean Sea Description of subject: The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea is a mid-1st-century CE Greek navigational and trading manual that describes the ports, peoples, and commerce of the Red Sea, Arabian Sea, and Indian Ocean regions.
Referenced by (16)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Periplus of the Erythraean Sea