Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate
E542054
atmospheric model discretization scheme
numerical weather prediction grid arrangement
vertical coordinate system
The Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate is a numerical weather prediction grid arrangement that improves the representation of atmospheric stratification and gravity waves by staggering thermodynamic and velocity variables in the vertical.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Arakawa grid staggering | 1 |
| Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate canonical | 1 |
| Lorenz vertical coordinate | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5696258 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate Context triple: [Jule Gregory Charney, knownFor, Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate]
-
A.
Ertel potential vorticity theorem
The Ertel potential vorticity theorem is a fundamental result in geophysical fluid dynamics that states potential vorticity is materially conserved for an inviscid, adiabatic flow, making it a key tool for understanding large-scale atmospheric and oceanic motions.
-
B.
Airy Modified ellipsoid
The Airy Modified ellipsoid is a slightly adjusted version of the Airy ellipsoid used as the reference surface for mapping and geodetic calculations in systems such as the Irish grid reference system.
-
C.
Airy 1830 ellipsoid
The Airy 1830 ellipsoid is a reference ellipsoid defined in the 19th century for geodetic calculations in Great Britain, forming the basis of traditional mapping systems such as the British National Grid.
-
D.
Longuet-Higgins
Longuet-Higgins is the surname of a notable British family that includes influential figures in theoretical chemistry, cognitive science, and mathematics.
-
E.
Manabe–Wetherald climate model
The Manabe–Wetherald climate model is a pioneering one-dimensional radiative–convective model that first quantified how increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide affects Earth’s temperature and vertical temperature profile.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate Target entity description: The Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate is a numerical weather prediction grid arrangement that improves the representation of atmospheric stratification and gravity waves by staggering thermodynamic and velocity variables in the vertical.
-
A.
Ertel potential vorticity theorem
The Ertel potential vorticity theorem is a fundamental result in geophysical fluid dynamics that states potential vorticity is materially conserved for an inviscid, adiabatic flow, making it a key tool for understanding large-scale atmospheric and oceanic motions.
-
B.
Airy Modified ellipsoid
The Airy Modified ellipsoid is a slightly adjusted version of the Airy ellipsoid used as the reference surface for mapping and geodetic calculations in systems such as the Irish grid reference system.
-
C.
Airy 1830 ellipsoid
The Airy 1830 ellipsoid is a reference ellipsoid defined in the 19th century for geodetic calculations in Great Britain, forming the basis of traditional mapping systems such as the British National Grid.
-
D.
Longuet-Higgins
Longuet-Higgins is the surname of a notable British family that includes influential figures in theoretical chemistry, cognitive science, and mathematics.
-
E.
Manabe–Wetherald climate model
The Manabe–Wetherald climate model is a pioneering one-dimensional radiative–convective model that first quantified how increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide affects Earth’s temperature and vertical temperature profile.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
atmospheric model discretization scheme
ⓘ
numerical weather prediction grid arrangement ⓘ vertical coordinate system ⓘ |
| advantage |
better conservation of energy in vertical motions
ⓘ
more accurate representation of Brunt–Väisälä frequency ⓘ reduced phase errors in vertically propagating waves ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
hydrostatic models
ⓘ
nonhydrostatic models ⓘ primitive equation models ⓘ |
| comparedTo |
Lorenz vertical coordinate
ⓘ
linked to:
Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate
|
| coordinateType |
pressure-based vertical coordinate
ⓘ
sigma-coordinate compatible scheme ⓘ vertical staggering scheme ⓘ |
| domain |
atmospheric modeling
ⓘ
geophysical fluid dynamics ⓘ |
| effect |
improves simulation of gravity wave propagation
ⓘ
improves vertical resolution of stratification features ⓘ reduces spurious vertical oscillations ⓘ |
| field |
computational fluid dynamics
ⓘ
meteorology ⓘ numerical analysis ⓘ |
| goal | to align thermodynamic and dynamic variables with physical modes of the atmosphere ⓘ |
| gridStaggering |
thermodynamic variables at layer midpoints
ⓘ
vertical velocity at layer interfaces ⓘ |
| hasCharacteristic |
avoids spurious computational mode of Lorenz grid
ⓘ
better alignment of temperature and vertical velocity fields ⓘ staggered vertical grid ⓘ thermodynamic variables defined at different levels than velocity variables ⓘ |
| improvesUpon |
Lorenz vertical coordinate in representing internal gravity waves
ⓘ
Lorenz vertical coordinate in representing static stability ⓘ |
| namedAfter |
Jule Gregory Charney
ⓘ
Norman A. Phillips ⓘ |
| purpose |
to improve numerical stability of vertical discretization
ⓘ
to improve representation of atmospheric stratification ⓘ to improve representation of gravity waves ⓘ to reduce computational modes in the vertical ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Arakawa grid staggering
ⓘ
linked to:
Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate
C-grid staggering ⓘ Lorenz grid ⓘ |
| typicalVariablePlacement |
potential temperature at mid–levels
ⓘ
temperature at mid–levels ⓘ vertical velocity at level boundaries ⓘ |
| usedBy |
climate models
ⓘ
global atmospheric models ⓘ limited-area weather prediction models ⓘ |
| usedIn |
atmospheric dynamical cores
ⓘ
general circulation models ⓘ numerical weather prediction ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate Description of subject: The Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate is a numerical weather prediction grid arrangement that improves the representation of atmospheric stratification and gravity waves by staggering thermodynamic and velocity variables in the vertical.
Referenced by (3)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate
linked to: Charney–Phillips vertical coordinate