Griffin v. Breckenridge
E507016
Griffin v. Breckenridge is a 1971 U.S. Supreme Court decision that recognized a federal cause of action under 42 U.S.C. § 1985(3) against private conspiracies to deprive individuals of equal protection or equal privileges and immunities.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Griffin et al. v. Breckenridge et al. | 1 |
| Griffin v. Breckenridge canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T5256731 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Griffin v. Breckenridge Context triple: [United States v. Guest, relatedCase, Griffin v. Breckenridge]
-
A.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
B.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
C.
Colegrove v. Green
Colegrove v. Green is a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court decision known for holding that issues of legislative apportionment and malapportionment were nonjusticiable political questions, delaying judicial intervention in redistricting disputes.
-
D.
Ingraham v. Wright
Ingraham v. Wright is a 1977 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment does not apply to corporal punishment in public schools and that due process does not require a prior hearing before such discipline is imposed.
-
E.
Stone v. Graham
Stone v. Graham is a 1980 U.S. Supreme Court decision in which the Burger Court struck down a Kentucky law requiring the posting of the Ten Commandments in public school classrooms as a violation of the Establishment Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Griffin v. Breckenridge Target entity description: Griffin v. Breckenridge is a 1971 U.S. Supreme Court decision that recognized a federal cause of action under 42 U.S.C. § 1985(3) against private conspiracies to deprive individuals of equal protection or equal privileges and immunities.
-
A.
Briggs v. Elliott
Briggs v. Elliott was a landmark federal court case from South Carolina challenging racial segregation in public schools, and it became one of the key cases consolidated into Brown v. Board of Education.
-
B.
Bolling v. Sharpe
Bolling v. Sharpe is a 1954 U.S. Supreme Court case that held racial segregation in Washington, D.C. public schools unconstitutional under the Fifth Amendment’s Due Process Clause.
-
C.
Colegrove v. Green
Colegrove v. Green is a 1946 U.S. Supreme Court decision known for holding that issues of legislative apportionment and malapportionment were nonjusticiable political questions, delaying judicial intervention in redistricting disputes.
-
D.
Ingraham v. Wright
Ingraham v. Wright is a 1977 U.S. Supreme Court decision that held the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment does not apply to corporal punishment in public schools and that due process does not require a prior hearing before such discipline is imposed.
-
E.
Stone v. Graham
Stone v. Graham is a 1980 U.S. Supreme Court decision in which the Burger Court struck down a Kentucky law requiring the posting of the Ten Commandments in public school classrooms as a violation of the Establishment Clause.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States Supreme Court case
ⓘ
civil rights case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
civil rights law
ⓘ
constitutional law ⓘ federal jurisdiction ⓘ |
| argued | 1971-01-11 ⓘ |
| citation |
29 L. Ed. 2d 338
ⓘ
403 U.S. 88 ⓘ 91 S. Ct. 1790 ⓘ |
| clarified |
that § 1985(3) does not require state involvement for liability
ⓘ
that § 1985(3) is not a general federal tort law ⓘ |
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decided | 1971-05-24 ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1971-05-24 ⓘ |
| docketNumber | No. 70-18 ⓘ |
| factPattern | African American plaintiffs alleged they were stopped, beaten, and threatened by private individuals while traveling on a Mississippi highway ⓘ |
| fullCaseName |
Griffin et al. v. Breckenridge et al.
ⓘ
linked to:
Griffin v. Breckenridge
|
| holding |
42 U.S.C. § 1985(3) provides a federal cause of action against private conspiracies to deprive persons of equal protection of the laws or equal privileges and immunities under the laws
ⓘ
42 U.S.C. § 1985(3) reaches purely private conspiracies and is not limited to actions under color of state law ⓘ Congress had power under the Thirteenth Amendment and the right-to-travel component of the Fifth Amendment to reach the private conduct at issue ⓘ To state a claim under § 1985(3), a plaintiff must allege a conspiracy motivated by a class-based, invidiously discriminatory animus ⓘ |
| impact | expanded availability of federal remedies against private conspiracies motivated by racial animus ⓘ |
| issue |
constitutional basis for congressional power to prohibit private conspiracies interfering with federal rights
ⓘ
scope of 42 U.S.C. § 1985(3) regarding private conspiracies ⓘ whether § 1985(3) requires state action ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | federal question jurisdiction ⓘ |
| legalProvisionInterpreted |
42 U.S.C. § 1985(3)
ⓘ
Ku Klux Klan Act of 1871 ⓘ
linked to:
Civil Rights Act of 1871
|
| majorityOpinionBy | Potter Stewart ⓘ |
| opinionType | majority opinion ⓘ |
| precedentFor |
private civil rights actions under 42 U.S.C. § 1985(3)
ⓘ
requirement of class-based, invidiously discriminatory animus in § 1985(3) claims ⓘ |
| proceduralPosture | appeal from the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit ⓘ |
| recognizedCauseOfAction | federal civil action for damages against private conspirators under § 1985(3) ⓘ |
| relatedTo |
Ku Klux Klan Act
ⓘ
linked to:
Civil Rights Act of 1871
Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ
linked to:
Thirteenth Amendment
right to interstate travel ⓘ |
| requiresElement |
an act in furtherance of the conspiracy
ⓘ
class-based, invidiously discriminatory animus behind the conspirators' action ⓘ existence of a conspiracy ⓘ injury to person or property or deprivation of a federal right ⓘ purpose of depriving a person or class of equal protection or equal privileges and immunities ⓘ |
| stateOfOrigin | Mississippi ⓘ |
| subsequentCitationBy |
Bray v. Alexandria Women’s Health Clinic
ⓘ
United Brotherhood of Carpenters & Joiners of America, Local 610 v. Scott ⓘ |
| term | October Term 1970 ⓘ |
| vote | 9-0 ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1971 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Griffin v. Breckenridge Description of subject: Griffin v. Breckenridge is a 1971 U.S. Supreme Court decision that recognized a federal cause of action under 42 U.S.C. § 1985(3) against private conspiracies to deprive individuals of equal protection or equal privileges and immunities.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Griffin v. Breckenridge