Kawasaki Ki-61
E50014
The Kawasaki Ki-61 was a World War II Japanese fighter aircraft notable for its inline liquid-cooled engine and performance that drew comparisons to contemporary European fighters.
All labels observed (8)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Kawasaki Ki-61 canonical | 4 |
| Kawasaki Ki-61 Hien | 4 |
| Ki-61-I | 2 |
| Ki-61-II | 2 |
| Kawasaki Ki-61 fighter | 1 |
| Kawasaki Ki-61 series | 1 |
| Kawasaki Ki-61-II | 1 |
| Kawasaki Ki-61-II Hien | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T296561 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kawasaki Ki-61 Context triple: [Imperial Japanese Army Air Service, usedAircraft, Kawasaki Ki-61]
-
A.
Nakajima Ki-84
The Nakajima Ki-84 was a late-World War II Japanese single-seat fighter aircraft renowned for its high speed, powerful armament, and effectiveness against Allied fighters and bombers.
-
B.
Kawasaki Ki-45
The Kawasaki Ki-45 was a twin-engine heavy fighter aircraft used by Japan during World War II, notable for its long-range interception and ground-attack roles.
-
C.
Mitsubishi Ki-67
The Mitsubishi Ki-67 was a twin-engine Japanese World War II medium bomber known for its relatively high speed, maneuverability, and use in a variety of roles including level bombing, torpedo attacks, and kamikaze missions.
-
D.
Nakajima Ki-44
The Nakajima Ki-44 was a fast, heavily armed Japanese single-seat fighter aircraft of World War II, notable for its emphasis on climb rate and interception over maneuverability.
-
E.
Mitsubishi Ki-21
The Mitsubishi Ki-21 was a twin-engine Japanese heavy bomber used extensively by the Imperial Japanese Army during the early years of World War II.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Kawasaki Ki-61 Target entity description: The Kawasaki Ki-61 was a World War II Japanese fighter aircraft notable for its inline liquid-cooled engine and performance that drew comparisons to contemporary European fighters.
-
A.
Nakajima Ki-84
The Nakajima Ki-84 was a late-World War II Japanese single-seat fighter aircraft renowned for its high speed, powerful armament, and effectiveness against Allied fighters and bombers.
-
B.
Kawasaki Ki-45
The Kawasaki Ki-45 was a twin-engine heavy fighter aircraft used by Japan during World War II, notable for its long-range interception and ground-attack roles.
-
C.
Mitsubishi Ki-67
The Mitsubishi Ki-67 was a twin-engine Japanese World War II medium bomber known for its relatively high speed, maneuverability, and use in a variety of roles including level bombing, torpedo attacks, and kamikaze missions.
-
D.
Nakajima Ki-44
The Nakajima Ki-44 was a fast, heavily armed Japanese single-seat fighter aircraft of World War II, notable for its emphasis on climb rate and interception over maneuverability.
-
E.
Mitsubishi Ki-21
The Mitsubishi Ki-21 was a twin-engine Japanese heavy bomber used extensively by the Imperial Japanese Army during the early years of World War II.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (45)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
World War II aircraft
ⓘ
fighter aircraft ⓘ |
| airForceBranch | Imperial Japanese Army ⓘ |
| alliedPerception | initially believed to be of German or Italian origin ⓘ |
| armament |
bombs
ⓘ
cannon ⓘ machine guns ⓘ |
| configuration |
low-wing monoplane
ⓘ
single-engine ⓘ |
| conflict | World War II ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Japan ⓘ |
| crew | 1 ⓘ |
| designedBy | Takeo Doi ⓘ |
| designInfluence | contemporary European fighters ⓘ |
| emptyWeight | 2670 kg ⓘ |
| engineModel | Kawasaki Ha-40 ⓘ |
| engineOrigin | license-built Daimler-Benz DB 601 ⓘ |
| engineType | inline liquid-cooled piston engine ⓘ |
| firstFlight | 1941 ⓘ |
| grossWeight | 3400 kg ⓘ |
| height | 3.70 m ⓘ |
| introduced | 1942 ⓘ |
| length | 8.94 m ⓘ |
| manufacturer |
Kawasaki Aircraft Company
ⓘ
linked to:
Kawasaki Heavy Industries
|
| maximumSpeed | approximately 580 km/h at altitude ⓘ |
| NATOReportingName | Tony ⓘ |
| nicknamed |
Hien
ⓘ
Swallow ⓘ |
| notableFeature | only mass-produced Japanese fighter with an inline liquid-cooled engine ⓘ |
| numberBuilt | over 3000 ⓘ |
| primaryRole | fighter ⓘ |
| productionPeriod | 1942–1945 ⓘ |
| range | 580 km ⓘ |
| retired | 1945 ⓘ |
| secondaryRole |
fighter-bomber
ⓘ
interceptor ⓘ |
| serviceCeiling | 11,000 m ⓘ |
| successor | Kawasaki Ki-100 ⓘ |
| theaterOfOperation |
China-Burma-India theater
ⓘ
linked to:
China Burma India Theater
Pacific War ⓘ |
| usedBy | Imperial Japanese Army Air Service ⓘ |
| variant |
Ki-61-I
ⓘ
linked to:
Kawasaki Ki-61
Ki-61-II ⓘ
linked to:
Kawasaki Ki-61
|
| wingArea | 20.0 m2 ⓘ |
| wingspan | 12.00 m ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Kawasaki Ki-61 Description of subject: The Kawasaki Ki-61 was a World War II Japanese fighter aircraft notable for its inline liquid-cooled engine and performance that drew comparisons to contemporary European fighters.
Referenced by (16)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
subject linked to:
Mitsubishi Ha-104 radial engine
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61
linked to: Kawasaki Ki-61