First Intermediate Period of Egypt

E49654

historical period period of ancient Egypt

The First Intermediate Period of Egypt was a time of political fragmentation, weakened central authority, and regional rivalries between local rulers that separated the Old Kingdom from the Middle Kingdom.

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All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
First Intermediate Period of Egypt canonical	34
First Intermediate Period	12
Early First Intermediate Period	1
Egyptian First Intermediate Period	1
First Intermediate Period Herakleopolitan dynasties	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T389199 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: First Intermediate Period of Egypt
Context triple: [Old Kingdom of Egypt, followedBy, First Intermediate Period of Egypt]

A. Middle Kingdom of Egypt
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt was a classical phase of ancient Egyptian civilization marked by political reunification, flourishing literature and arts, and major developments in administration and temple building.
B. Late Period of Egypt
The Late Period of Egypt was the final era of native Egyptian rule, marked by political fragmentation, foreign invasions (notably by the Persians), and a cultural revival that looked back to earlier Pharaonic traditions.
C. Old Kingdom of Egypt
The Old Kingdom of Egypt was an early period of ancient Egyptian civilization, often called the "Age of the Pyramids," marked by centralized pharaonic power and the construction of monumental stone pyramids and tomb complexes.
D. New Kingdom of Egypt
The New Kingdom of Egypt was a powerful and expansive era of ancient Egyptian civilization, marked by imperial conquest, monumental temple building, and flourishing art and culture roughly between the 16th and 11th centuries BCE.
E. Early Dynastic Egypt
Early Dynastic Egypt was the formative period of ancient Egyptian civilization, marked by the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, the establishment of centralized kingship, and the development of key cultural and religious institutions.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: First Intermediate Period of Egypt
Target entity description: The First Intermediate Period of Egypt was a time of political fragmentation, weakened central authority, and regional rivalries between local rulers that separated the Old Kingdom from the Middle Kingdom.

A. Middle Kingdom of Egypt
The Middle Kingdom of Egypt was a classical phase of ancient Egyptian civilization marked by political reunification, flourishing literature and arts, and major developments in administration and temple building.
B. Late Period of Egypt
The Late Period of Egypt was the final era of native Egyptian rule, marked by political fragmentation, foreign invasions (notably by the Persians), and a cultural revival that looked back to earlier Pharaonic traditions.
C. Old Kingdom of Egypt
The Old Kingdom of Egypt was an early period of ancient Egyptian civilization, often called the "Age of the Pyramids," marked by centralized pharaonic power and the construction of monumental stone pyramids and tomb complexes.
D. New Kingdom of Egypt
The New Kingdom of Egypt was a powerful and expansive era of ancient Egyptian civilization, marked by imperial conquest, monumental temple building, and flourishing art and culture roughly between the 16th and 11th centuries BCE.
E. Early Dynastic Egypt
Early Dynastic Egypt was the formative period of ancient Egyptian civilization, marked by the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, the establishment of centralized kingship, and the development of key cultural and religious institutions.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	historical period ⓘ period of ancient Egypt ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	Egyptian First Intermediate Period ⓘ linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt
capital	Herakleopolis Magna ⓘ Memphis ⓘ Thebes ⓘ
characterizedBy	political fragmentation ⓘ regional rivalries ⓘ rule of local nomarchs ⓘ weak central authority ⓘ
chronologicalPosition	between Old Kingdom and Middle Kingdom ⓘ
country	Ancient Egypt ⓘ linked to: Pharaonic Egypt
endCause	reunification by Mentuhotep II ⓘ
endTime	circa 2055 BCE ⓘ
endWith	reign of Mentuhotep II ⓘ
follows	Old Kingdom of Egypt ⓘ
hasCause	decline of Old Kingdom central administration ⓘ economic difficulties ⓘ possible low Nile floods ⓘ
hasCulturalAspect	development of provincial tomb styles ⓘ local literary and artistic traditions ⓘ
hasEconomicCondition	decline in large-scale pyramid construction ⓘ reduced royal building projects ⓘ
hasHistoriographicalIssue	uncertain chronology of dynasties ⓘ
hasLanguage	Ancient Egyptian language ⓘ linked to: Ancient Egyptian
hasPart	Eighth Dynasty of Egypt ⓘ Eleventh Dynasty of Egypt ⓘ linked to: 11th Dynasty of Egypt Ninth Dynasty of Egypt ⓘ Seventh Dynasty of Egypt ⓘ Tenth Dynasty of Egypt ⓘ
hasRuler	Eighth Dynasty pharaohs ⓘ linked to: Eighth Dynasty of Egypt Ninth Dynasty pharaohs ⓘ Seventh Dynasty pharaohs ⓘ linked to: Seventh Dynasty of Egypt Tenth Dynasty pharaohs ⓘ early Eleventh Dynasty pharaohs ⓘ
hasSignificantEvent	conflict between Herakleopolis and Thebes ⓘ unification of Egypt under Mentuhotep II ⓘ
knownFor	civil conflict ⓘ division between Herakleopolitan and Theban rulers ⓘ increased local autonomy ⓘ rise of provincial elites ⓘ
locatedInTimePeriod	Early Second Millennium BCE ⓘ Third Millennium BCE ⓘ
partOf	history of ancient Egypt ⓘ
precedes	Middle Kingdom of Egypt ⓘ
religion	ancient Egyptian religion ⓘ
startTime	circa 2181 BCE ⓘ
studiedIn	Egyptology ⓘ
timeSpanInYears	approximately 120 years ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (49)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Old Kingdom of Egypt → followedBy → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Pharaonic Egypt → period → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Middle Kingdom of Egypt → follows → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

First Intermediate Period of Egypt → alsoKnownAs → Egyptian First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Sixth Dynasty of Egypt → followedBy → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Coffin Texts → earliestAttestation → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Ihnasya al-Madinah → wasCapitalDuring → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

subject linked to: Ihnasya al-Madinah (Herakleopolis Magna)

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Ihnasya al-Madinah → periodOfFlourishing → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

subject linked to: Ihnasya al-Madinah (Herakleopolis Magna)

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

11th Dynasty of Egypt → follows → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Mentuhotep II → ended → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Seventh Dynasty of Egypt → traditionalPeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Eighth Dynasty of Egypt → partOf → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Eighth Dynasty of Egypt → era → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Ninth Dynasty of Egypt → locatedInTimePeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Ninth Dynasty of Egypt → partOf → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Tenth Dynasty of Egypt → partOf → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Tenth Dynasty of Egypt → locatedInTime → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Tenth Dynasty of Egypt → era → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Tenth Dynasty of Egypt → hasCulturalPeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Herakleopolis Magna → wasCapitalOf → First Intermediate Period Herakleopolitan dynasties ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Herakleopolis Magna → historicalPeriod → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Herakleopolis Magna → timeOfFlourishing → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Herakleopolitan dynasties → partOf → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Herakleopolitan dynasties → timePeriod → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Beni Hasan → hasEarliestBurials → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Balat → hasArchaeologicalRemainsFromPeriod → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Balat necropolis → usedInTimePeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Mentuhotep I → timePeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Mentuhotep IV → period → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Iah → period → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Kawit → timePeriod → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Sadeh → timePeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Ipy → timePeriod → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Instruction for King Merikare → setting → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Intef III → period → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Nebkaure Khety → period → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Nikare → period → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Nikare → era → Early First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Qakare Ibi → reignPeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Qakare Ibi → period → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Herakleopolitan Egypt → locatedInTimePeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

modern Ihnasya el-Medina → hasArchaeologicalRemainsFrom → First Intermediate Period ⓘ

subject linked to: modern Ihnasya el‑Medina

linked to: First Intermediate Period of Egypt

Ihnasya el‑Medina necropolis → usedDuring → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Qubbet el-Hawa → periodOfUse → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Khety III → reignPeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Neferkamin Anu → reignPeriod → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Henen‑nesut → mostProminentDuring → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Henen‑nesut → periodOfOccupation → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

Pyramid Age → followedBy → First Intermediate Period of Egypt ⓘ

All labels observed (5)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (49)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (49)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited