Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind
E422720
Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind is Al-Biruni’s pioneering 11th-century study of Indian religion, philosophy, science, and culture, regarded as one of the earliest comprehensive works of comparative religion and Indology.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind canonical | 2 |
| Al-Biruni’s India | 1 |
| Kitab fi Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4228401 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind Context triple: [Al-Biruni, notableWork, Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind]
-
A.
Relectio de Indis
Relectio de Indis is a foundational 16th-century theological-legal treatise that helped establish principles of international law and the rights of Indigenous peoples in the context of Spanish colonial expansion.
-
B.
The Soul of India
The Soul of India is a work by Indian nationalist leader and social reformer Bipin Chandra Pal that reflects on India's spiritual heritage and national identity.
-
C.
Tattva Samkhyana
Tattva Samkhyana is a key philosophical treatise in the Dvaita Vedanta tradition that systematically outlines its dualistic metaphysics and theology.
-
D.
Puranānūru
Puranānūru is an ancient Tamil poetic anthology of the Sangam era, renowned for its verses on war, kingship, ethics, and the public life of early Tamil society.
-
E.
Adipurana
Adipurana is a 10th-century Kannada Jain epic poem by the poet Pampa that narrates the life and virtues of the first Tirthankara, Rishabhanatha.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind Target entity description: Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind is Al-Biruni’s pioneering 11th-century study of Indian religion, philosophy, science, and culture, regarded as one of the earliest comprehensive works of comparative religion and Indology.
-
A.
Relectio de Indis
Relectio de Indis is a foundational 16th-century theological-legal treatise that helped establish principles of international law and the rights of Indigenous peoples in the context of Spanish colonial expansion.
-
B.
The Soul of India
The Soul of India is a work by Indian nationalist leader and social reformer Bipin Chandra Pal that reflects on India's spiritual heritage and national identity.
-
C.
Tattva Samkhyana
Tattva Samkhyana is a key philosophical treatise in the Dvaita Vedanta tradition that systematically outlines its dualistic metaphysics and theology.
-
D.
Puranānūru
Puranānūru is an ancient Tamil poetic anthology of the Sangam era, renowned for its verses on war, kingship, ethics, and the public life of early Tamil society.
-
E.
Adipurana
Adipurana is a 10th-century Kannada Jain epic poem by the poet Pampa that narrates the life and virtues of the first Tirthankara, Rishabhanatha.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Indological work
ⓘ
book ⓘ scholarly work ⓘ work of comparative religion ⓘ |
| aim | to explain Indian beliefs and practices to a Muslim audience ⓘ |
| approach | relatively neutral and descriptive ⓘ |
| author |
Abu Rayhan al-Biruni
ⓘ
linked to:
Al-Biruni
Al-Biruni ⓘ |
| compares |
Indian religions
ⓘ
Islam ⓘ |
| contains |
accounts of Indian philosophical schools
ⓘ
descriptions of Indian sacred texts ⓘ discussions of Indian calendrical systems ⓘ |
| countryOfOrigin | Ghaznavid Empire ⓘ |
| dateOfComposition | 11th century ⓘ |
| field |
Indology
ⓘ
comparative religion ⓘ history of religions ⓘ history of science ⓘ |
| focusesOn |
Hinduism
ⓘ
Indian astronomy ⓘ Indian cosmology ⓘ Indian mathematics ⓘ Indian religious practices ⓘ Indian social customs ⓘ |
| genre |
ethnographic study
ⓘ
philosophical treatise ⓘ religious studies ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Al-Biruni’s India
ⓘ
linked to:
Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind
Kitab fi Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind ⓘ
linked to:
Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind
|
| historicalContext | Ghaznavid incursions into India ⓘ |
| influenced |
later Islamic scholarship on India
ⓘ
modern Indology ⓘ |
| language | Arabic ⓘ |
| mainSubject |
Indian culture
ⓘ
Indian philosophy ⓘ Indian religion ⓘ Indian science ⓘ |
| methodology |
comparative analysis
ⓘ
empirical observation ⓘ philological analysis ⓘ |
| notableFor |
critical use of Sanskrit sources
ⓘ
early scientific study of Indian culture ⓘ systematic comparison of religions ⓘ |
| originalScript | Arabic script ⓘ |
| regardedAs |
one of the earliest comprehensive works of Indology
ⓘ
pioneering work in comparative religion ⓘ |
| scholarlyReputation | major source on early medieval Indian thought ⓘ |
| timePeriodDescribed | medieval India ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind Description of subject: Tahqiq ma li-l-Hind is Al-Biruni’s pioneering 11th-century study of Indian religion, philosophy, science, and culture, regarded as one of the earliest comprehensive works of comparative religion and Indology.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.