Personal Data Protection Act
E411357
The Personal Data Protection Act is Singapore’s primary data protection law that governs the collection, use, and disclosure of individuals’ personal data by organizations.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Personal Data Protection Act canonical | 1 |
| Personal Data Protection Act 2012 | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T4054725 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Personal Data Protection Act Context triple: [Singapore law, hasDataProtectionStatute, Personal Data Protection Act]
-
A.
Data Protection Act 2018
The Data Protection Act 2018 is the UK’s primary data protection law that implements and supplements the EU GDPR framework, setting rules for how personal data must be collected, used, and safeguarded.
-
B.
Joint Committee on Personal Data Protection Bill
The Joint Committee on Personal Data Protection Bill was a parliamentary panel in India tasked with examining and recommending changes to the country’s proposed comprehensive data protection legislation.
-
C.
Privacy Act (Canada)
The Privacy Act (Canada) is a federal law that governs how Canadian government institutions collect, use, and disclose personal information about individuals.
-
D.
GDPR
The GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) is a comprehensive European Union data protection law that governs how organizations collect, process, and store personal data of individuals in the EU.
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E.
Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC
The Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC was a foundational European Union law that established early comprehensive rules for the protection of personal data and privacy across EU member states before being superseded by the GDPR.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Personal Data Protection Act Target entity description: The Personal Data Protection Act is Singapore’s primary data protection law that governs the collection, use, and disclosure of individuals’ personal data by organizations.
-
A.
Data Protection Act 2018
The Data Protection Act 2018 is the UK’s primary data protection law that implements and supplements the EU GDPR framework, setting rules for how personal data must be collected, used, and safeguarded.
-
B.
Joint Committee on Personal Data Protection Bill
The Joint Committee on Personal Data Protection Bill was a parliamentary panel in India tasked with examining and recommending changes to the country’s proposed comprehensive data protection legislation.
-
C.
Privacy Act (Canada)
The Privacy Act (Canada) is a federal law that governs how Canadian government institutions collect, use, and disclose personal information about individuals.
-
D.
GDPR
The GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) is a comprehensive European Union data protection law that governs how organizations collect, process, and store personal data of individuals in the EU.
-
E.
Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC
The Data Protection Directive 95/46/EC was a foundational European Union law that established early comprehensive rules for the protection of personal data and privacy across EU member states before being superseded by the GDPR.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Singapore statute
ⓘ
data protection law ⓘ |
| administeredBy | Personal Data Protection Commission ⓘ |
| allows | withdrawal of consent by individuals ⓘ |
| amendedIn | 2020 ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
organizations in Singapore
ⓘ
organizations outside Singapore that collect, use or disclose personal data in Singapore ⓘ |
| cameIntoForce | 2014 ⓘ |
| contains |
Data Protection Provisions
ⓘ
Do Not Call Provisions ⓘ provisions on Do Not Call Registry ⓘ provisions on access to personal data ⓘ provisions on accountability ⓘ provisions on accuracy of personal data ⓘ provisions on consent ⓘ provisions on correction of personal data ⓘ provisions on data breach notification ⓘ provisions on data portability ⓘ provisions on notification ⓘ provisions on protection of personal data ⓘ provisions on purpose limitation ⓘ provisions on retention limitation ⓘ |
| country | Singapore ⓘ |
| enforcedBy | Personal Data Protection Commission ⓘ |
| excludes | public agencies ⓘ |
| fullName |
Personal Data Protection Act 2012
ⓘ
linked to:
Personal Data Protection Act
|
| governs |
collection of personal data
ⓘ
disclosure of personal data ⓘ use of personal data ⓘ |
| grantsRight |
right of access to personal data
ⓘ
right to correct personal data ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | Singapore ⓘ |
| legalSystem | common law ⓘ |
| providesFor |
directions by the Personal Data Protection Commission
ⓘ
financial penalties for non-compliance ⓘ private action for loss or damage suffered from contravention ⓘ |
| purpose |
to enable organizations to use personal data for legitimate and reasonable purposes
ⓘ
to govern the collection, use and disclosure of personal data by organizations ⓘ to safeguard individuals’ personal data ⓘ |
| regulator | Personal Data Protection Commission ⓘ |
| regulatorAbbreviation | PDPC ⓘ |
| requires |
appointment of a data protection officer
ⓘ
ceasing retention of personal data when no longer necessary ⓘ notification of purposes for collection, use or disclosure of personal data ⓘ obtaining consent for collection, use or disclosure of personal data ⓘ policies and practices to meet obligations under the Act ⓘ reasonable security arrangements to protect personal data ⓘ |
| shortName | PDPA ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 2012 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Personal Data Protection Act Description of subject: The Personal Data Protection Act is Singapore’s primary data protection law that governs the collection, use, and disclosure of individuals’ personal data by organizations.
Referenced by (2)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Personal Data Protection Act