TOTEM
E3750
TOTEM is a high-energy physics experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider that precisely measures proton–proton scattering and total cross sections.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| TOTEM canonical | 8 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T20803 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: TOTEM Context triple: [CERN, hostsExperiment, TOTEM]
-
A.
Stumptown
Stumptown is a historic nickname for Portland, Oregon, referencing the city’s rapid 19th-century growth that left tree stumps scattered throughout the area.
-
B.
Blitz
The Blitz was the sustained German bombing campaign against the United Kingdom, particularly London, during 1940–1941 in World War II.
-
C.
The Ants
The Ants is a Pulitzer Prize–winning scientific book that provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of ant biology, behavior, and social organization.
-
D.
ETO
ETO refers to the European Theater of Operations, the major area of military conflict in Europe during World War II involving the Allied and Axis powers.
-
E.
Metro
Metro is the rapid transit system serving the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area, operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA).
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: TOTEM Target entity description: TOTEM is a high-energy physics experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider that precisely measures proton–proton scattering and total cross sections.
-
A.
Stumptown
Stumptown is a historic nickname for Portland, Oregon, referencing the city’s rapid 19th-century growth that left tree stumps scattered throughout the area.
-
B.
Blitz
The Blitz was the sustained German bombing campaign against the United Kingdom, particularly London, during 1940–1941 in World War II.
-
C.
The Ants
The Ants is a Pulitzer Prize–winning scientific book that provides a comprehensive and authoritative overview of ant biology, behavior, and social organization.
-
D.
ETO
ETO refers to the European Theater of Operations, the major area of military conflict in Europe during World War II involving the Allied and Axis powers.
-
E.
Metro
Metro is the rapid transit system serving the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area, operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority (WMATA).
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
CERN experiment
ⓘ
Large Hadron Collider experiment ⓘ particle physics experiment ⓘ |
| acronym | TOTEM ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
LHC forward physics program
ⓘ
linked to:
LHCf
|
| beamType | proton–proton ⓘ |
| collaboratesWith | CMS experiment ⓘ |
| collaborationType | international collaboration ⓘ |
| constrains | cosmic-ray interaction models ⓘ |
| country | Switzerland ⓘ |
| detectorType | forward detector ⓘ |
| energyScale | TeV scale ⓘ |
| focusesOn |
forward physics
ⓘ
very small-angle proton scattering ⓘ |
| fullName | TOTal Elastic and diffractive cross section Measurement ⓘ |
| hasPublished |
measurements of pp total cross section at 13 TeV
ⓘ
measurements of pp total cross section at 7 TeV ⓘ measurements of pp total cross section at 8 TeV ⓘ |
| hostInstitution | CERN ⓘ |
| interactionPoint |
LHC Interaction Point 5
ⓘ
linked to:
Point 5 of the LHC ring
|
| locatedAt |
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
ⓘ
linked to:
CERN
Large Hadron Collider ⓘ |
| measures |
elastic differential cross section
ⓘ
inelastic proton–proton cross section ⓘ luminosity-independent total cross section ⓘ total proton–proton cross section ⓘ |
| primaryObjective |
measure proton–proton elastic scattering
ⓘ
measure proton–proton total cross section ⓘ study diffractive proton–proton processes ⓘ |
| researchField |
high-energy physics
ⓘ
particle physics ⓘ |
| sharesInteractionPointWith | CMS ⓘ |
| startOfDataTaking | first LHC run ⓘ |
| studies |
diffractive scattering
ⓘ
elastic scattering ⓘ proton–proton scattering ⓘ total cross sections ⓘ |
| studiesEnergyDependenceOf | proton–proton total cross section ⓘ |
| tests |
models of soft QCD
ⓘ
predictions of Regge theory ⓘ |
| usesAccelerator |
LHC
ⓘ
linked to:
Large Hadron Collider
|
| usesMethod | optical theorem to extract total cross section ⓘ |
| usesTechnology | Roman pot detectors ⓘ |
| website | https://totem-experiment.web.cern.ch/ ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: TOTEM Description of subject: TOTEM is a high-energy physics experiment at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider that precisely measures proton–proton scattering and total cross sections.
Referenced by (8)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.