Rule 403
E354853
Rule 403 is a key evidentiary rule in U.S. law that allows courts to exclude relevant evidence if its probative value is substantially outweighed by risks such as unfair prejudice, confusion, or waste of time.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Rule 403 canonical | 3 |
| Fed. R. Evid. 403 | 1 |
| Federal Rules of Evidence Rule 403 | 1 |
| Rule 403 of the Federal Rules of Evidence | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3392715 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rule 403 Context triple: [Article IV – Relevance and Its Limits, contains, Rule 403]
-
A.
Rule 44
Rule 44 is a provision of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure that governs the right to and appointment of counsel for defendants in federal criminal cases, including issues of joint representation and potential conflicts of interest.
-
B.
Rule 37
Rule 37 is a provision of the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure that governs sanctions and remedies for failures to make disclosures or cooperate in discovery during civil litigation.
-
C.
Rule 4
Rule 4 is a provision of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure that governs the issuance and execution of arrest warrants and summonses in federal criminal cases.
-
D.
Rule 23
Rule 23 is a provision of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure that governs how and when a criminal defendant’s case is tried by a jury or by a judge alone.
-
E.
Rule 56
Rule 56 is the provision in the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure that governs summary judgment, allowing courts to decide cases without trial when there is no genuine dispute of material fact.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Rule 403 Target entity description: Rule 403 is a key evidentiary rule in U.S. law that allows courts to exclude relevant evidence if its probative value is substantially outweighed by risks such as unfair prejudice, confusion, or waste of time.
-
A.
Rule 44
Rule 44 is a provision of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure that governs the right to and appointment of counsel for defendants in federal criminal cases, including issues of joint representation and potential conflicts of interest.
-
B.
Rule 37
Rule 37 is a provision of the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure that governs sanctions and remedies for failures to make disclosures or cooperate in discovery during civil litigation.
-
C.
Rule 4
Rule 4 is a provision of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure that governs the issuance and execution of arrest warrants and summonses in federal criminal cases.
-
D.
Rule 23
Rule 23 is a provision of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure that governs how and when a criminal defendant’s case is tried by a jury or by a judge alone.
-
E.
Rule 56
Rule 56 is the provision in the U.S. Federal Rules of Civil Procedure that governs summary judgment, allowing courts to decide cases without trial when there is no genuine dispute of material fact.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (49)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
United States evidentiary rule
ⓘ
legal rule ⓘ procedural rule ⓘ rule of evidence ⓘ |
| appliesStage |
pretrial motions in limine
ⓘ
trial objections ⓘ |
| appliesTo |
civil cases
ⓘ
criminal cases ⓘ evidentiary rulings ⓘ otherwise relevant evidence ⓘ trial proceedings ⓘ |
| citationForm |
Fed. R. Evid. 403
ⓘ
linked to:
Rule 403
|
| codifiedIn |
Federal Rules of Evidence Rule 403
ⓘ
linked to:
Rule 403
|
| discretion | trial court discretion ⓘ |
| doesNotRequire | exclusion of all prejudicial evidence ⓘ |
| focusesOn | unfair prejudice rather than mere prejudice ⓘ |
| governs | admissibility of relevant evidence ⓘ |
| influenced | state rules of evidence ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States federal courts
ⓘ
linked to:
U.S. federal courts
|
| keyConcept |
confusing the issues
ⓘ
misleading the jury ⓘ needless presentation of cumulative evidence ⓘ probative value ⓘ undue delay ⓘ unfair prejudice ⓘ waste of time ⓘ |
| legalDomain |
civil procedure
ⓘ
criminal procedure ⓘ evidence law ⓘ |
| legalTestType | balancing test ⓘ |
| partOf |
Federal Rules of Evidence
ⓘ
linked to:
rules of evidence for the federal courts
|
| policyBasis | balancing truth-seeking against fairness and efficiency ⓘ |
| primaryFunction | exclusion of relevant evidence in certain circumstances ⓘ |
| purpose |
to enhance efficiency of judicial proceedings
ⓘ
to prevent jury decision-making based on improper considerations ⓘ to promote fairness in trials ⓘ |
| relatedConcept |
Rule 401
ⓘ
Rule 402 ⓘ Rule 404(b) ⓘ
linked to:
Rule 404
|
| requiresBalancing |
probative value versus risk of confusing the issues
ⓘ
probative value versus risk of misleading the jury ⓘ probative value versus risk of needlessly presenting cumulative evidence ⓘ probative value versus risk of undue delay ⓘ probative value versus risk of unfair prejudice ⓘ probative value versus risk of wasting time ⓘ |
| reviewStandard | abuse of discretion ⓘ |
| standard | probative value substantially outweighed by countervailing dangers ⓘ |
| usedBy |
judges
ⓘ
litigators ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Rule 403 Description of subject: Rule 403 is a key evidentiary rule in U.S. law that allows courts to exclude relevant evidence if its probative value is substantially outweighed by risks such as unfair prejudice, confusion, or waste of time.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Rule 403
linked to: Rule 403