Mongol invasion of the Middle East under Hülegü

E350321

13th-century conflict Mongol invasion military campaign

The Mongol invasion of the Middle East under Hülegü was a 13th-century campaign that shattered major Islamic powers, most notably through the sack of Baghdad in 1258 and the destruction of the Abbasid Caliphate.

Try in SPARQL Jump to: Surface forms Disambiguation Statements Elicitation Referenced by

All labels observed (7)

Label	Occurrences
Mongol invasion of the Abbasid Caliphate	2
Mongol invasions of the Middle East	2
Mongol campaigns in Syria	1
Mongol invasion of Persia	1
Mongol invasion of the Khwarazmian successor states	1
Mongol invasion of the Middle East	1
Mongol invasion of the Middle East under Hülegü canonical	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T3272897 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Mongol invasion of the Middle East under Hülegü
Context triple: [Möngke Khan, campaignDirected, Mongol invasion of the Middle East under Hülegü]

A. Mongol conquest of the Khwarezmian Empire
The Mongol conquest of the Khwarezmian Empire was a devastating early 13th-century campaign in which Genghis Khan’s forces destroyed the Khwarezmian state and opened the way for Mongol expansion across Persia and into the Islamic world.
B. Mongol invasion of Anatolia
The Mongol invasion of Anatolia was a series of 13th-century campaigns in which Mongol forces defeated the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, bringing much of Anatolia under Mongol suzerainty and reshaping the region’s political landscape.
C. Mongol invasion of 1297–1298
The Mongol invasion of 1297–1298 was a major incursion by Mongol forces into the Delhi Sultanate that tested and ultimately reinforced Alauddin Khalji’s military power in northern India.
D. Mongol invasions of Europe
The Mongol invasions of Europe were a series of 13th-century military campaigns in which Mongol armies devastated and conquered large parts of Eastern and Central Europe, profoundly impacting the region’s political and social landscape.
E. Mongol conquests
The Mongol conquests were a series of 13th- and 14th-century military campaigns that created one of the largest contiguous empires in history, stretching across much of Asia and into Europe.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Mongol invasion of the Middle East under Hülegü
Target entity description: The Mongol invasion of the Middle East under Hülegü was a 13th-century campaign that shattered major Islamic powers, most notably through the sack of Baghdad in 1258 and the destruction of the Abbasid Caliphate.

A. Mongol conquest of the Khwarezmian Empire
The Mongol conquest of the Khwarezmian Empire was a devastating early 13th-century campaign in which Genghis Khan’s forces destroyed the Khwarezmian state and opened the way for Mongol expansion across Persia and into the Islamic world.
B. Mongol invasion of Anatolia
The Mongol invasion of Anatolia was a series of 13th-century campaigns in which Mongol forces defeated the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum, bringing much of Anatolia under Mongol suzerainty and reshaping the region’s political landscape.
C. Mongol invasion of 1297–1298
The Mongol invasion of 1297–1298 was a major incursion by Mongol forces into the Delhi Sultanate that tested and ultimately reinforced Alauddin Khalji’s military power in northern India.
D. Mongol invasions of Europe
The Mongol invasions of Europe were a series of 13th-century military campaigns in which Mongol armies devastated and conquered large parts of Eastern and Central Europe, profoundly impacting the region’s political and social landscape.
E. Mongol conquests
The Mongol conquests were a series of 13th- and 14th-century military campaigns that created one of the largest contiguous empires in history, stretching across much of Asia and into Europe.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (48)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	13th-century conflict ⓘ Mongol invasion ⓘ military campaign ⓘ
cause	Mongol objective to subdue Islamic powers in the Middle East ⓘ Möngke Khan’s plan to expand Mongol rule into the Islamic world ⓘ
commander	Hülegü Khan ⓘ
conflict	Sack of Damascus (1260) ⓘ linked to: Mongol conquest of Damascus (1260) Siege of Alamut ⓘ Siege of Aleppo (1260) ⓘ Siege of Baghdad (1258) ⓘ linked to: Sack of Baghdad (1258) Siege of Maymun-Diz ⓘ
endTime	1260 ⓘ
followedBy	Battle of Ain Jalut ⓘ
follows	Mongol invasion of Khwarezmia ⓘ linked to: Mongol conquest of the Khwarezmian Empire
hasEffect	long-term demographic and economic damage in Mesopotamia ⓘ shift of Islamic political center to Cairo under the Mamluks ⓘ
hasParticipant	Ayyubid rulers of Syria ⓘ linked to: Ayyubid dynasty Caliph al-Musta'sim ⓘ Hülegü Khan ⓘ Kitbuqa ⓘ Mamluk commander Baybars ⓘ linked to: Baibars Mamluk sultan Qutuz ⓘ linked to: Baibars Nizari Imam Rukn al-Din Khurshah ⓘ
historicalPeriod	High Middle Ages ⓘ
historicalRegion	Islamic world ⓘ
location	Anatolia ⓘ Iran ⓘ Iraq ⓘ Middle East ⓘ Syria ⓘ
opponent	Abbasid Caliphate ⓘ Ayyubid dynasty ⓘ Mamluk Sultanate of Egypt ⓘ linked to: Mamluk Sultanate Nizari Ismaili state ⓘ
orderedBy	Möngke Khan ⓘ
partOf	Mongol conquests ⓘ expansion of the Mongol Empire ⓘ
religiousContext	collapse of a major Sunni Islamic center ⓘ
result	Mongol control over much of Iran and Iraq ⓘ destruction of the Abbasid Caliphate ⓘ destruction of the Nizari Ismaili strongholds ⓘ establishment of the Ilkhanate ⓘ fall of Baghdad in 1258 ⓘ
significantEvent	destruction of libraries and infrastructure in Baghdad ⓘ execution of the Abbasid caliph ⓘ massacre of inhabitants of Baghdad ⓘ
startTime	1250s ⓘ 1256 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited