Multi-Fibre Arrangement

E318633

The Multi-Fibre Arrangement was an international trade framework that regulated and restricted textile and clothing exports from developing to developed countries through a system of quotas from the 1970s until its phase-out under WTO rules.

All labels observed (1)

Label Occurrences
Multi-Fibre Arrangement canonical 4

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (49)

Predicate Object
instanceOf international trade agreement ⓘ
textile trade regime ⓘ
administeredBy signatory governments through bilateral agreements ⓘ
alsoKnownAs MFA ⓘ
appliesTo certain clothing and apparel products ⓘ
clothing ⓘ
cotton textiles ⓘ
man-made fibre textiles ⓘ
textiles ⓘ
wool textiles ⓘ
basedOn quantitative restrictions ⓘ
countryInvolved Canada ⓘ
European Economic Community ⓘ
Japan ⓘ
United States ⓘ
developing exporting countries in Africa ⓘ
developing exporting countries in Asia ⓘ
developing exporting countries in Latin America ⓘ
criticizedFor being protectionist ⓘ
discriminating against developing countries ⓘ
inconsistency with general GATT principles ⓘ
endTime 2005 ⓘ
field international trade ⓘ
textile industry ⓘ
hasEffect distorted patterns of global textile and clothing production ⓘ
provided protection to textile and clothing producers in developed countries ⓘ
restricted market access for developing-country textile and clothing exports ⓘ
hasImpactOn employment in textile and clothing sectors worldwide ⓘ
industrialization strategies of exporting developing countries ⓘ
hasPurpose to control rapid growth of textile and clothing exports from developing countries ⓘ
to manage and restrict textile and clothing imports into developed countries ⓘ
to protect domestic textile and clothing industries in developed countries ⓘ
inForceIn 20th century ⓘ
early 21st century ⓘ
legalBasis series of bilateral agreements under the GATT framework ⓘ
negotiatedUnder General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ⓘ
partOf post-war international trade regime for textiles ⓘ
phasedOutUnder Agreement on Textiles and Clothing ⓘ
World Trade Organization ⓘ
phaseOutEndTime 1 January 2005 ⓘ
phaseOutStartTime 1995 ⓘ
regulates bilateral quotas on textile and clothing trade ⓘ
exports of clothing ⓘ
exports of textiles ⓘ
replaced Arrangement Regarding International Trade in Textiles ⓘ
replacedBy WTO Agreement on Textiles and Clothing regime ⓘ
full integration of textiles and clothing into GATT/WTO rules ⓘ
startTime 1974 ⓘ
uses country- and product-specific quotas ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Agreement on Textiles and Clothing → replaced → Multi-Fibre Arrangement ⓘ
Agreement on Textiles and Clothing → predecessor → Multi-Fibre Arrangement ⓘ
Agreement on Textiles and Clothing → replaced → Multi-Fibre Arrangement ⓘ
subject linked to: ATC
Multi-Fibre Arrangement quota system → fullName → Multi-Fibre Arrangement ⓘ