al-Muhtadi

Target entity: al-Muhtadi
Context triple: [Samarra period, hasCaliph, al-Muhtadi]

• A. Hisham III
  Hisham III was the final Umayyad ruler of the Caliphate of Córdoba, presiding over its decline and eventual collapse in the early 11th century.
• B. al-Mutawakkil III
  Al-Mutawakkil III was the final Abbasid caliph in Cairo, whose deposition by the Ottoman sultan Selim I in 1517 symbolically ended the Abbasid caliphal line.
• C. al-ʿAzīz Billāh
  al-ʿAzīz Billāh was a 10th-century Fatimid caliph who consolidated Fatimid rule in Egypt and expanded their influence across the eastern Mediterranean.
• D. Muhammad al-Mahdi
  Muhammad al-Mahdi is the twelfth and final Imam in Twelver Shia Islam, believed to be in occultation and destined to reappear as the divinely guided savior.
• E. al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
  al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah was an 11th-century Fatimid caliph in Egypt whose eccentric rule and deification by some followers made him a central, controversial figure in the origins of the Druze faith.
• F. None of above. chosen
• G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Target entity: al-Muhtadi
Target entity description: Al-Muhtadi was an Abbasid caliph of the 9th century known for his brief, reform-minded reign marked by attempts to restore moral rigor and reduce court corruption during a turbulent period of political instability.

• A. Hisham III
  Hisham III was the final Umayyad ruler of the Caliphate of Córdoba, presiding over its decline and eventual collapse in the early 11th century.
• B. al-Mutawakkil III
  Al-Mutawakkil III was the final Abbasid caliph in Cairo, whose deposition by the Ottoman sultan Selim I in 1517 symbolically ended the Abbasid caliphal line.
• C. al-ʿAzīz Billāh
  al-ʿAzīz Billāh was a 10th-century Fatimid caliph who consolidated Fatimid rule in Egypt and expanded their influence across the eastern Mediterranean.
• D. Muhammad al-Mahdi
  Muhammad al-Mahdi is the twelfth and final Imam in Twelver Shia Islam, believed to be in occultation and destined to reappear as the divinely guided savior.
• E. al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah
  al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah was an 11th-century Fatimid caliph in Egypt whose eccentric rule and deification by some followers made him a central, controversial figure in the origins of the Druze faith.
• F. None of above. chosen