Treaty of Gulistan

E229949

bilateral treaty historical event peace treaty

The Treaty of Gulistan was an 1813 peace agreement between Qajar Iran and the Russian Empire that ended the first Russo-Persian War and ceded large parts of the Caucasus from Iran to Russia.

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All labels observed (5)

Label	Occurrences
Treaty of Gulistan canonical	22
Treaties of Qajar Iran	2
Treaty of Gulistan (1813)	1
Treaty of Gulistan (as prior context)	1
Treaty of Gulistan negotiations	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2039002 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Gulistan
Context triple: [Iranian Azerbaijan, historicalTreaty, Treaty of Gulistan]

A. Treaty of Pruth
The Treaty of Pruth was a 1711 peace agreement between the Ottoman Empire and Russia that halted Peter the Great’s advance and forced Russia to return Azov, temporarily checking its expansion toward the Black Sea during the Great Northern War.
B. Treaty of Georgievsk
The Treaty of Georgievsk was a 1783 agreement that made the eastern Georgian kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti a protectorate of the Russian Empire, marking a pivotal step in Russia’s expansion into the Caucasus.
C. Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca was a 1774 peace agreement between the Russian and Ottoman Empires that significantly expanded Russian influence in the Black Sea region and marked a major decline in Ottoman power.
D. Treaty of Jassy
The Treaty of Jassy was a 1792 peace agreement between the Russian and Ottoman Empires that ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 and confirmed Russian dominance along the Black Sea coast.
E. Treaty of Constantinople of 1832
The Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 was the international agreement that formally recognized Greece as an independent kingdom, ending Ottoman sovereignty over the newly established Greek state.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Treaty of Gulistan
Target entity description: The Treaty of Gulistan was an 1813 peace agreement between Qajar Iran and the Russian Empire that ended the first Russo-Persian War and ceded large parts of the Caucasus from Iran to Russia.

A. Treaty of Pruth
The Treaty of Pruth was a 1711 peace agreement between the Ottoman Empire and Russia that halted Peter the Great’s advance and forced Russia to return Azov, temporarily checking its expansion toward the Black Sea during the Great Northern War.
B. Treaty of Georgievsk
The Treaty of Georgievsk was a 1783 agreement that made the eastern Georgian kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti a protectorate of the Russian Empire, marking a pivotal step in Russia’s expansion into the Caucasus.
C. Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca
The Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca was a 1774 peace agreement between the Russian and Ottoman Empires that significantly expanded Russian influence in the Black Sea region and marked a major decline in Ottoman power.
D. Treaty of Jassy
The Treaty of Jassy was a 1792 peace agreement between the Russian and Ottoman Empires that ended the Russo-Turkish War of 1787–1792 and confirmed Russian dominance along the Black Sea coast.
E. Treaty of Constantinople of 1832
The Treaty of Constantinople of 1832 was the international agreement that formally recognized Greece as an independent kingdom, ending Ottoman sovereignty over the newly established Greek state.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	bilateral treaty ⓘ historical event ⓘ peace treaty ⓘ
caused	long-term Iranian grievances over territorial losses ⓘ
cededFrom	Qajar Iran ⓘ
cededTo	Russian Empire ⓘ
concludedBetween	Qajar Iran ⓘ Russian Empire ⓘ
countryAtTimeLocation	Qajar Iran ⓘ
countryOfRelevance	Azerbaijan ⓘ Georgia ⓘ Iran ⓘ Russia ⓘ
dateSigned	1813-10-24 ⓘ
endedConflict	First Russo-Persian War ⓘ linked to: Russo-Persian War 1804–1813 Russo-Persian War of 1804–1813 ⓘ linked to: Russo-Persian War 1804–1813
field	diplomatic history ⓘ international relations ⓘ
grantedToRussia	exclusive rights to maintain a navy in the Caspian Sea ⓘ
historicalRegionAffected	South Caucasus ⓘ Transcaucasia ⓘ linked to: South Caucasus
language	Persian ⓘ Russian ⓘ
legalStatus	unequal treaty ⓘ
partOf	Russo-Persian relations ⓘ linked to: Russo-Persian conflicts history of the Caucasus ⓘ
precedes	Treaty of Turkmenchay ⓘ
restricted	Iranian naval presence in the Caspian Sea ⓘ
resultedIn	Iranian loss of control over parts of modern-day Azerbaijan ⓘ Iranian loss of control over parts of modern-day Dagestan ⓘ Iranian loss of control over parts of modern-day Georgia ⓘ Russian annexation of territories in the South Caucasus ⓘ cession of large parts of the Caucasus from Iran to Russia ⓘ
signatory	Qajar Iran ⓘ Russian Empire ⓘ
signedByRepresentativeOf	Fath-Ali Shah Qajar ⓘ Tsar Alexander I of Russia ⓘ linked to: Alexander I of Russia
signedIn	Gulistan ⓘ village of Gulistan in Karabakh ⓘ
signedUnder	military pressure from Russia ⓘ
territoryCededIncluded	Baku Khanate ⓘ Derbent Khanate ⓘ Ganja Khanate ⓘ Karabakh Khanate ⓘ Quba Khanate ⓘ Shirvan Khanate ⓘ eastern Georgia ⓘ linked to: Eastern Georgia most of present-day Republic of Azerbaijan ⓘ parts of Dagestan ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (27)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Iranian Azerbaijan → historicalTreaty → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Qajar Iran → notableEvent → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Treaty of Turkmenchay → followed → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Treaty of Turkmenchay → category → Treaties of Qajar Iran ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Gulistan

Russo-Persian War 1804–1813 → concludedBy → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Russo-Persian War 1804–1813 → treaty → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Russo-Persian War 1804–1813 → legalBasisOfOutcome → Treaty of Gulistan (1813) ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Gulistan

Russo-Persian War 1826–1828 → treaty → Treaty of Gulistan (as prior context) ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Gulistan

Fath-Ali Shah Qajar → signed → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Russo-Persian conflicts → treatyConsequence → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Russian Empire in the Caucasus → legalBasis → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Iran–Azerbaijan border → establishedByTreaty → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Iran–Armenia border → historicalTreaty → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Treaties of the Russian Empire → includes → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Persian frontiers → shapedBy → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Sublime State of Persia → notableEvent → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Baku Khanate → significantEvent → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Abbas Mirza → significantEvent → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Siege of Ganja (1804) → relatedTo → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Battle of Lankaran → relatedTo → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Battle of Lankaran → followedBy → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Treaty of Paris (1857) → category → Treaties of Qajar Iran ⓘ

subject linked to: Treaty of Paris 1857

linked to: Treaty of Gulistan

Capture of Yerevan 1827 → relatedTo → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Battle of Aslanduz → followedBy → Treaty of Gulistan negotiations ⓘ

linked to: Treaty of Gulistan

History of Azerbaijan → includesEvent → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Baba Khan → signedTreaty → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

Azerbaijan region → historicalEvent → Treaty of Gulistan ⓘ

All labels observed (5)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (49)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (27)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited