qmail
E224027
qmail is a secure, high-performance mail transfer agent for Unix-like systems, designed as an alternative to Sendmail with a strong focus on reliability and security.
All labels observed (12)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| qmail canonical | 4 |
| Postfix | 2 |
| Sendmail | 1 |
| netqmail | 1 |
| qmail-clean | 1 |
| qmail-inject | 1 |
| qmail-local | 1 |
| qmail-lspawn | 1 |
| qmail-remote | 1 |
| qmail-rspawn | 1 |
| qmail-send | 1 |
| qmail-smtpd | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T2002179 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: qmail Context triple: [Daniel J. Bernstein, notableWork, qmail]
-
A.
fetchmail
fetchmail is a widely used open-source remote mail retrieval and forwarding utility for Unix-like systems, designed to fetch email from POP/IMAP servers and deliver it to local mail clients or servers.
-
B.
SMTP
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a standard communication protocol used for sending and routing email messages across IP networks.
-
C.
MQ
MQ is IBM's messaging middleware that enables reliable, asynchronous communication between distributed applications and systems.
-
D.
MQ
MQ is a German vehicle registration code assigned to the Saalekreis district in the state of Saxony-Anhalt.
-
E.
POP3
POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) is a standard email protocol used by clients to retrieve messages from a remote mail server over a TCP/IP network, typically downloading them for local storage.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: qmail Target entity description: qmail is a secure, high-performance mail transfer agent for Unix-like systems, designed as an alternative to Sendmail with a strong focus on reliability and security.
-
A.
fetchmail
fetchmail is a widely used open-source remote mail retrieval and forwarding utility for Unix-like systems, designed to fetch email from POP/IMAP servers and deliver it to local mail clients or servers.
-
B.
SMTP
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a standard communication protocol used for sending and routing email messages across IP networks.
-
C.
MQ
MQ is IBM's messaging middleware that enables reliable, asynchronous communication between distributed applications and systems.
-
D.
MQ
MQ is a German vehicle registration code assigned to the Saalekreis district in the state of Saxony-Anhalt.
-
E.
MQ
MQ is the IATA airline designator used by American Eagle Airlines for its flight operations.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (51)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Unix software
ⓘ
free software ⓘ mail transfer agent ⓘ software ⓘ |
| alternativeTo |
Sendmail
ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
|
| component |
qmail-clean
ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
qmail-inject ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
qmail-local ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
qmail-lspawn ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
qmail-queue ⓘ qmail-remote ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
qmail-rspawn ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
qmail-send ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
qmail-smtpd ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
|
| configurationFile |
/var/qmail/control
ⓘ
/var/qmail/control/locals ⓘ /var/qmail/control/rcpthosts ⓘ /var/qmail/control/virtualdomains ⓘ |
| designGoal |
ease of configuration
ⓘ
high performance ⓘ modularity ⓘ robustness ⓘ secure mail transfer ⓘ |
| developer |
D. J. Bernstein
ⓘ
linked to:
Daniel J. Bernstein
Daniel J. Bernstein ⓘ |
| distribution |
netqmail
ⓘ
linked to:
qmail
|
| focus |
performance
ⓘ
reliability ⓘ security ⓘ |
| homepage | https://cr.yp.to/qmail.html ⓘ |
| influenced |
Courier MTA
ⓘ
Postfix ⓘ |
| license | public domain ⓘ |
| mailQueueDirectory | /var/qmail/queue ⓘ |
| notableProperty |
no known remote root exploits in default installation for many years
ⓘ
small, auditable code base ⓘ |
| operatingSystem |
BSD
ⓘ
Linux ⓘ Solaris ⓘ
linked to:
Solaris operating system
Unix-like systems ⓘ |
| programmingLanguage | C ⓘ |
| securityModel |
least privilege
ⓘ
modular components with separate UIDs ⓘ |
| supportsFeature |
aliasing
ⓘ
bounce handling ⓘ mailing lists ⓘ queue management ⓘ virtual domains ⓘ |
| supportsMailboxFormat |
Maildir
ⓘ
mbox ⓘ |
| supportsProtocol | SMTP ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: qmail Description of subject: qmail is a secure, high-performance mail transfer agent for Unix-like systems, designed as an alternative to Sendmail with a strong focus on reliability and security.
Referenced by (16)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: qmail
linked to: qmail
linked to: qmail
linked to: qmail