Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

E192166

United Nations treaty international human rights treaty optional protocol

The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women is a treaty that establishes procedures allowing individuals and groups to submit complaints and request inquiries regarding violations of women’s rights under the CEDAW framework.

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All labels observed (2)

Label	Occurrences
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women canonical	7
OP-CEDAW	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1702386 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
Context triple: [Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, relatedInstrument, Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women]

A. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) is a landmark 1979 United Nations human rights treaty that defines and commits states to eliminate discrimination against women in all areas of life.
B. Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
The Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is a human rights treaty that establishes complaint and inquiry mechanisms allowing individuals and groups to seek international review of alleged violations of their economic, social, and cultural rights.
C. First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
The First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is a treaty that allows individuals to submit complaints to the UN Human Rights Committee alleging violations of the civil and political rights protected by the Covenant.
D. Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
The Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is a United Nations treaty that commits its parties to abolishing the death penalty under international human rights law.
E. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women is an expert body that monitors implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and provides guidance to states on advancing women’s rights and gender equality.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
Target entity description: The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women is a treaty that establishes procedures allowing individuals and groups to submit complaints and request inquiries regarding violations of women’s rights under the CEDAW framework.

A. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
The Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) is a landmark 1979 United Nations human rights treaty that defines and commits states to eliminate discrimination against women in all areas of life.
B. Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
The Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights is a human rights treaty that establishes complaint and inquiry mechanisms allowing individuals and groups to seek international review of alleged violations of their economic, social, and cultural rights.
C. First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
The First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is a treaty that allows individuals to submit complaints to the UN Human Rights Committee alleging violations of the civil and political rights protected by the Covenant.
D. Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
The Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is a United Nations treaty that commits its parties to abolishing the death penalty under international human rights law.
E. Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women
The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women is an expert body that monitors implementation of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) and provides guidance to states on advancing women’s rights and gender equality.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (46)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	United Nations treaty ⓘ international human rights treaty ⓘ optional protocol ⓘ
adoptedBy	United Nations General Assembly ⓘ
adoptionBody	United Nations General Assembly resolution A/RES/54/4 ⓘ
adoptionDate	1999-10-06 ⓘ
adoptionPlace	New York City ⓘ
aimsTo	provide remedies for victims of discrimination against women ⓘ strengthen enforcement of CEDAW obligations ⓘ
allows	groups to submit complaints to the CEDAW Committee ⓘ individuals to submit complaints to the CEDAW Committee ⓘ
articleCount	21 ⓘ
category	United Nations human rights instruments ⓘ women's rights instruments ⓘ
depositedWith	Secretary-General of the United Nations ⓘ
enteredIntoForce	2000-12-22 ⓘ
establishesProcedure	individual communications procedure ⓘ inquiry procedure ⓘ
field	international human rights law ⓘ women's human rights ⓘ
fullName	Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ
language	Arabic ⓘ Chinese ⓘ English ⓘ French ⓘ Russian ⓘ Spanish ⓘ
legalNature	binding on States Parties ⓘ
monitoredBy	Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women ⓘ
openedForSignature	1999-12-10 ⓘ
openedForSignatureAt	United Nations Headquarters ⓘ
optOutPossibility	States may opt out of the inquiry procedure ⓘ
parentTreaty	Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ
partyRequirement	open to States Parties to CEDAW ⓘ
preamblePresent	true ⓘ
providesFor	confidential inquiries into grave or systematic violations of women's rights ⓘ
region	global ⓘ
registration	United Nations Treaty Series ⓘ
relatedInstrument	Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ⓘ Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ⓘ linked to: First Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
relatesTo	Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ
requires	exhaustion of domestic remedies for individual communications ⓘ
shortName	OP-CEDAW ⓘ linked to: Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
subjectOf	elimination of discrimination against women ⓘ women's rights ⓘ
typeOfMechanism	treaty-based complaints mechanism ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (8)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women → relatedInstrument → Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ

Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women → fullName → Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ

Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women → shortName → OP-CEDAW ⓘ

linked to: Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

Optional Protocols to core human rights treaties → example → Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ

United Nations General Assembly resolution A/RES/54/4 → hasTitle → Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ

United Nations General Assembly resolution A/RES/54/4 → establishes → Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ

United Nations General Assembly resolution A/RES/54/4 → linkedToTreaty → Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ

OP-CRPD → relatedInstrument → Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women ⓘ

All labels observed (2)

How this entity was disambiguated Show

Statements (46)

How these facts were elicited Show

Referenced by (8)

How this entity was disambiguated

How these facts were elicited