Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA

E186557

ARPA office DARPA office government agency unit research office

The Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA was a pioneering U.S. government research office that funded and directed early computer science and networking projects, including the foundations of the ARPANET and modern internet technologies.

Try in SPARQL Jump to: Surface forms Disambiguation Statements Elicitation Referenced by

All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA canonical	2
ARPA Information Processing Techniques Office	1
Information Processing Techniques Office	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1641691 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA
Context triple: [Robert Kahn, employer, Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA]

A. Man-Computer Symbiosis
Man-Computer Symbiosis is a seminal 1960 essay by J. C. R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, cooperative partnerships between humans and computers, laying conceptual foundations for modern interactive computing and the internet.
B. Xerox PARC technical reports
Xerox PARC technical reports are a series of influential research documents produced at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center that detail pioneering work in computer science, including early graphical user interfaces, networking, and personal computing.
C. The Computer as a Communication Device
"The Computer as a Communication Device" is a seminal 1968 essay by J.C.R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, networked computing as a medium for human collaboration and communication, foreshadowing the modern internet.
D. ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform
The ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform was the specialized packet-switching computer system that formed the backbone of the early ARPANET, handling data routing between host machines in the first large-scale packet-switched network.
E. "A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence"
"A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence" is the seminal 1955 research proposal by John McCarthy and colleagues that launched the field of artificial intelligence by defining its goals and organizing the landmark 1956 Dartmouth conference.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA
Target entity description: The Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA was a pioneering U.S. government research office that funded and directed early computer science and networking projects, including the foundations of the ARPANET and modern internet technologies.

A. Man-Computer Symbiosis
Man-Computer Symbiosis is a seminal 1960 essay by J. C. R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, cooperative partnerships between humans and computers, laying conceptual foundations for modern interactive computing and the internet.
B. Xerox PARC technical reports
Xerox PARC technical reports are a series of influential research documents produced at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center that detail pioneering work in computer science, including early graphical user interfaces, networking, and personal computing.
C. The Computer as a Communication Device
"The Computer as a Communication Device" is a seminal 1968 essay by J.C.R. Licklider that envisioned interactive, networked computing as a medium for human collaboration and communication, foreshadowing the modern internet.
D. ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform
The ARPANET Interface Message Processor platform was the specialized packet-switching computer system that formed the backbone of the early ARPANET, handling data routing between host machines in the first large-scale packet-switched network.
E. "A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence"
"A Proposal for the Dartmouth Summer Research Project on Artificial Intelligence" is the seminal 1955 research proposal by John McCarthy and colleagues that launched the field of artificial intelligence by defining its goals and organizing the landmark 1956 Dartmouth conference.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (48)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	ARPA office ⓘ DARPA office ⓘ government agency unit ⓘ research office ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	IPTO ⓘ Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA ⓘ
contributedTo	development of computer science as an academic discipline ⓘ development of networked time-sharing systems ⓘ development of packet-switching networks ⓘ foundations of the Internet ⓘ
country	United States ⓘ linked to: United States of America
era	Cold War ⓘ
field	artificial intelligence ⓘ computer networking ⓘ computer science ⓘ information processing ⓘ interactive computing ⓘ time-sharing systems ⓘ
focusPeriod	1960s ⓘ 1970s ⓘ
foundedBy	United States Department of Defense ⓘ linked to: Department of Defense
funded	industrial research in computing ⓘ networking research at multiple U.S. universities ⓘ university computer science research laboratories ⓘ
inception	1962 ⓘ
influenced	design of modern Internet architecture ⓘ development of network protocols used on the Internet ⓘ
jurisdiction	federal government of the United States ⓘ linked to: United States government
locatedIn	Arlington, Virginia ⓘ
mission	to develop interactive computing and time-sharing systems ⓘ to fund advanced research in information processing and computing ⓘ to support research in computer networking ⓘ
notableDirector	Ivan Sutherland ⓘ J. C. R. Licklider ⓘ Larry Roberts ⓘ linked to: Lawrence G. Roberts Robert Taylor ⓘ
notableProject	ARPANET ⓘ Project MAC at MIT ⓘ linked to: MIT Project MAC Stanford Research Institute AI research ⓘ early Internet protocols ⓘ graphics and interactive computing research ⓘ time-sharing computer systems ⓘ
oversaw	early packet-switching network experiments ⓘ
parentOrganization	Advanced Research Projects Agency ⓘ linked to: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency ⓘ
partOf	United States Department of Defense ⓘ linked to: Department of Defense
sponsor	ARPANET development at BBN Technologies ⓘ
successor	Information Technology Office of DARPA ⓘ linked to: DARPA Information Innovation Office

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (4)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Robert Kahn → employer → Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA ⓘ

Ivan Sutherland → workedAt → ARPA Information Processing Techniques Office ⓘ

linked to: Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA

Information Processing Techniques Office → alsoKnownAs → Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA ⓘ

subject linked to: Information Processing Techniques Office of ARPA

IPTO → fullName → Information Processing Techniques Office ⓘ