Sama language
E183451
The Sama language is an Austronesian language spoken primarily by the Sama-Bajau maritime communities of the southern Philippines and nearby regions of Southeast Asia.
All labels observed (5)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Sama language canonical | 15 |
| Sama languages | 6 |
| Northern Sama | 3 |
| Pangutaran Sama language | 3 |
| Bangingiʼ Sama language | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1614106 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sama language Context triple: [Sama–Bajaw languages subgroup, hasNotableLanguage, Sama language]
-
A.
Baniwa language
Baniwa is an Arawakan Indigenous language spoken primarily along the Rio Negro in northwestern Brazil, as well as in parts of Colombia and Venezuela.
-
B.
Mari language
The Mari language is a Uralic language spoken primarily by the Mari people in the Mari El Republic and surrounding regions of Russia, known for its distinct dialects and rich oral tradition.
-
C.
Banda-Linda language
The Banda-Linda language is a Banda language spoken by the Banda-Linda people of the Central African Republic.
-
D.
Saluan language
The Saluan language is an Austronesian language spoken by the Saluan people of central and eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia.
-
E.
Lamaholot language
The Lamaholot language is an Austronesian language spoken primarily in eastern Flores and nearby islands in Indonesia, known for its numerous dialects and complex verbal morphology.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Sama language Target entity description: The Sama language is an Austronesian language spoken primarily by the Sama-Bajau maritime communities of the southern Philippines and nearby regions of Southeast Asia.
-
A.
Baniwa language
Baniwa is an Arawakan Indigenous language spoken primarily along the Rio Negro in northwestern Brazil, as well as in parts of Colombia and Venezuela.
-
B.
Mari language
The Mari language is a Uralic language spoken primarily by the Mari people in the Mari El Republic and surrounding regions of Russia, known for its distinct dialects and rich oral tradition.
-
C.
Banda-Linda language
The Banda-Linda language is a Banda language spoken by the Banda-Linda people of the Central African Republic.
-
D.
Saluan language
The Saluan language is an Austronesian language spoken by the Saluan people of central and eastern Sulawesi, Indonesia.
-
E.
Lamaholot language
The Lamaholot language is an Austronesian language spoken primarily in eastern Flores and nearby islands in Indonesia, known for its numerous dialects and complex verbal morphology.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (47)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Austronesian language
ⓘ
natural language ⓘ |
| closelyRelatedTo |
Bajau languages
ⓘ
linked to:
Bajau language
Kapalangan language (Sama variety) ⓘ Yakan language ⓘ |
| endangermentStatus | vulnerable in some communities ⓘ |
| ethnicity | Sama-Bajau maritime communities ⓘ |
| family | Austronesian languages ⓘ |
| hasDialect |
Balangingi Sama
ⓘ
Central Sama ⓘ Northern Sama ⓘ
linked to:
Sama language
Pangutaran Sama ⓘ Siasi Sama ⓘ
linked to:
Siasi
Southern Sama ⓘ Yakan (often classified within Sama–Bajaw) ⓘ
linked to:
Yakan
|
| hasFeature |
Austronesian voice system
ⓘ
focus system on verbs ⓘ inclusive–exclusive distinction in first person plural pronouns ⓘ preposed function words ⓘ rich verbal affixation ⓘ |
| isMaritimeCommunityLanguageOf | Sama-Bajau seafaring groups ⓘ |
| languageFamilyBranch |
Sama–Bajaw languages
ⓘ
linked to:
Sama–Bajaw languages subgroup
|
| morphologyType | agglutinative ⓘ |
| region | Southeast Asia ⓘ |
| spokenBy |
Bajau Laut
ⓘ
linked to:
Sama-Bajau peoples
Sama people ⓘ Sama-Bajau people ⓘ
linked to:
Sama-Bajau peoples
|
| spokenIn |
Borneo region
ⓘ
linked to:
Borneo
Brunei ⓘ
linked to:
Brunei Darussalam
Indonesia ⓘ Kalimantan coastal areas ⓘ Malaysia ⓘ Mindanao ⓘ Philippines ⓘ Sabah ⓘ Sulu Archipelago ⓘ eastern Malaysia ⓘ southern Philippines ⓘ |
| status | regional language in the southern Philippines ⓘ |
| subfamily | Malayo-Polynesian languages ⓘ |
| typology | predominantly head-initial ⓘ |
| usedFor |
daily communication in Sama-Bajau communities
ⓘ
folk songs and epics ⓘ oral tradition ⓘ |
| wordOrder |
VOS
ⓘ
VSO ⓘ |
| writingSystem |
Latin script
ⓘ
linked to:
Latin alphabet
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Sama language Description of subject: The Sama language is an Austronesian language spoken primarily by the Sama-Bajau maritime communities of the southern Philippines and nearby regions of Southeast Asia.
Referenced by (28)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
subject linked to:
Pangutaran Island, Sulu, Philippines
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language
linked to: Sama language