Tabuk expedition

E170771

The Tabuk expedition was a late 9th-year AH military campaign led by the Prophet Muhammad toward the northern frontier of Arabia, notable for its logistical difficulty and for ending without actual combat.

All labels observed (4)

Label Occurrences
Expedition of Tabuk 4
Tabuk expedition canonical 4
غزوة تبوك 2

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (50)

Predicate Object
instanceOf campaign of Muhammad ⓘ
military expedition ⓘ
aftermath no Byzantine counterattack on Medina after the expedition ⓘ
alsoKnownAs Ghazwat Tabuk ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition
arabicNickname Jaysh al-‘Usrah ⓘ
armySizeApprox around 30,000 men ⓘ
associatedTheme condemnation of hypocrites who stayed behind ⓘ
praise of those who contributed and participated despite hardship ⓘ
associatedWith Qur’anic verses in Surah At-Tawbah ⓘ
cause desire to deter Byzantine threat ⓘ
reports of Byzantine military preparations in the north ⓘ
to secure northern frontier of the emerging Muslim state ⓘ
commandStructure Muhammad as supreme commander ⓘ
direction north of Medina ⓘ
durationApprox around 20 days at Tabuk plus travel time ⓘ
financing significant contributions from wealthy Companions ⓘ
financingContributor Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf ⓘ
Abu Bakr ⓘ
linked to: Abu Bakr al-Siddiq

Umar ibn al-Khattab ⓘ
Uthman ibn Affan ⓘ
garrisonLeftInMedina Ali ibn Abi Talib (according to many reports) ⓘ
linked to: Ali ibn Abi Talib
gregorianYearApprox 630 CE ⓘ
hijriYear 9 AH ⓘ
historicalSignificance last major expedition personally led by Muhammad ⓘ
marked the northern limit of Muhammad’s personally led campaigns ⓘ
internalEffect test of faith and commitment of the Muslims of Medina ⓘ
leader Muhammad ⓘ
location Tabuk ⓘ
nickname Army of Difficulty ⓘ
notableFor ending without actual combat ⓘ
extreme heat ⓘ
logistical difficulty ⓘ
long distance from Medina ⓘ
scarcity of water and provisions ⓘ
opponent Byzantine Empire ⓘ
opponentType Byzantine forces and Arab Christian allies (anticipated) ⓘ
politicalEffect assertion of Muslim authority in northern Hijaz and southern Levant borderlands ⓘ
demonstration of Muslim military readiness against Byzantium ⓘ
region northern Arabia ⓘ
religiousContext Islam ⓘ
result Byzantines did not engage ⓘ
Muslim strategic show of force ⓘ
extension of Muslim influence in northern Arabia ⓘ
no major battle fought ⓘ
startingPoint Medina ⓘ
treaty agreement with the people of Aylah (Eilat) ⓘ
agreement with the people of Jarba and Adhruh ⓘ
treaties with local Christian Arab chiefs ⓘ
tribute jizyah from some northern tribes and towns ⓘ
typeOfArmy volunteer force from Medina and surrounding tribes ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (11)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Surah At-Tawbah → associatedEvent → Tabuk expedition ⓘ
Repentance → addressesEvent → Expedition of Tabuk ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition
Tabuk expedition → alsoKnownAs → Ghazwat Tabuk ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition
سورة براءة → mentionsEvent → غزوة تبوك ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition
Maghazi of al-Waqidi → focusesOn → Tabuk expedition ⓘ
Masjid al-Dirar → associatedWithEvent → Tabuk expedition ⓘ
Army of Difficulty → associatedWithEvent → Expedition of Tabuk ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition
Jaysh al-‘Usrah → participatedIn → Tabuk expedition ⓘ
سورة القتال → mentionsTopic → غزوة تبوك ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition
Muhammad’s military campaigns → component → Expedition of Tabuk ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition
Muhammad’s military campaigns → endEvent → Expedition of Tabuk ⓘ
linked to: Tabuk expedition