Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov

E164216

Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine human immunologist microbiologist zoologist

Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov was a pioneering Russian zoologist and immunologist best known for discovering phagocytosis and helping to establish the cellular theory of immunity.

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All labels observed (4)

Label	Occurrences
Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov canonical	6
Elie Metchnikoff	3
Illya Mechnikov	2
Élie Metchnikoff	2

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1395963 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov
Context triple: [Paul Ehrlich, sharedNobelPrizeWith, Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov]

A. Emil Adolf von Behring
Emil Adolf von Behring was a German physiologist and immunologist renowned for developing serum therapy against diphtheria and tetanus, earning him the inaugural Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
B. Paul Ehrlich
Paul Ehrlich was a pioneering German physician and scientist renowned for his work in immunology, hematology, and chemotherapy, and as a Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
C. Shibasaburo Kitasato
Shibasaburo Kitasato was a pioneering Japanese bacteriologist best known for co-discovering the causative agent of bubonic plague and for major contributions to immunology and serum therapy.
D. Alexis Carrel
Alexis Carrel was a French surgeon and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine, known for his pioneering work in vascular suturing and organ transplantation.
E. Charles Richet
Charles Richet was a French physiologist and Nobel laureate best known for his pioneering work on anaphylaxis and allergic reactions.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov
Target entity description: Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov was a pioneering Russian zoologist and immunologist best known for discovering phagocytosis and helping to establish the cellular theory of immunity.

A. Emil Adolf von Behring
Emil Adolf von Behring was a German physiologist and immunologist renowned for developing serum therapy against diphtheria and tetanus, earning him the inaugural Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.
B. Paul Ehrlich
Paul Ehrlich was a pioneering German physician and scientist renowned for his work in immunology, hematology, and chemotherapy, and as a Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine.
C. Shibasaburo Kitasato
Shibasaburo Kitasato was a pioneering Japanese bacteriologist best known for co-discovering the causative agent of bubonic plague and for major contributions to immunology and serum therapy.
D. Alexis Carrel
Alexis Carrel was a French surgeon and biologist, Nobel Prize laureate in Physiology or Medicine, known for his pioneering work in vascular suturing and organ transplantation.
E. Charles Richet
Charles Richet was a French physiologist and Nobel laureate best known for his pioneering work on anaphylaxis and allergic reactions.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (49)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine ⓘ human ⓘ immunologist ⓘ microbiologist ⓘ zoologist ⓘ
academicDegree	Doctorate in zoology ⓘ
alternateName	Elie Metchnikoff ⓘ linked to: Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov Élie Metchnikoff ⓘ linked to: Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov
awardReceived	Copley Medal ⓘ Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ⓘ
birthDate	1845-05-15 ⓘ
birthPlace	Ivanovka, Kharkov Governorate, Russian Empire ⓘ near Kharkiv, present-day Ukraine ⓘ
countryOfCitizenship	Russian Empire ⓘ
deathDate	1916-07-15 ⓘ
deathPlace	Paris, France ⓘ linked to: Paris
educatedAt	Kharkiv University ⓘ linked to: University of Kharkiv
employer	Pasteur Institute ⓘ linked to: Institut Pasteur
familyName	Mechnikov ⓘ
fieldOfWork	gerontology ⓘ immunology ⓘ microbiology ⓘ zoology ⓘ
givenName	Ilya ⓘ
influenced	concept of innate immunity ⓘ development of cellular immunology ⓘ
influencedBy	Charles Darwin ⓘ Louis Pasteur ⓘ
knownFor	cellular theory of immunity ⓘ discovery of phagocytosis ⓘ research on innate immunity ⓘ studies on probiotics and lactic acid bacteria ⓘ theory of longevity and aging ⓘ
languageOfWorkOrName	French ⓘ Russian ⓘ
memberOf	French Academy of Sciences ⓘ linked to: Académie des Sciences Russian Academy of Sciences ⓘ
NobelPrizeSharedWith	Paul Ehrlich ⓘ
NobelPrizeYear	1908 ⓘ
notableWork	L’Immunité dans les maladies infectieuses ⓘ Études sur la nature humaine ⓘ
occupation	professor ⓘ
patronymicName	Ilyich ⓘ
positionHeld	professor at Odessa University ⓘ
religion	atheism ⓘ
spouse	Ludmila Feodorovitch ⓘ Olga Belokopytova ⓘ
workLocation	Odessa, Russian Empire ⓘ Paris, France ⓘ linked to: Paris

How these facts were elicited