Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
E161576
The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 is an Indian law that regulates foreign exchange transactions and external trade payments, aiming to facilitate orderly development and maintenance of the country’s foreign exchange market.
All labels observed (3)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 canonical | 11 |
| Foreign Exchange Management Act | 2 |
| Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (India) | 2 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1409779 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 Context triple: [Reserve Bank of India, implementsAct, Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999]
-
A.
Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934
The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 is the foundational legislation that established the Reserve Bank of India and provides the legal framework for monetary policy, currency issuance, and regulation of the Indian financial system.
-
B.
Currency Act 1963
The Currency Act 1963 was Australian legislation that established the framework for replacing the Australian pound with a decimal currency system, paving the way for the introduction of the Australian dollar.
-
C.
Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951
The Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 is an Indian statute that lays down the composition, qualifications, and functioning framework of the Finance Commission of India.
-
D.
Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989
The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 is a U.S. federal law enacted in response to the savings and loan crisis, overhauling the regulation of thrift institutions, strengthening enforcement powers, and restructuring federal deposit insurance.
-
E.
Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994
The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 is a U.S. federal law that deregulated interstate banking by allowing bank holding companies and banks to expand and operate branches across state lines, reshaping the national banking landscape.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 Target entity description: The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 is an Indian law that regulates foreign exchange transactions and external trade payments, aiming to facilitate orderly development and maintenance of the country’s foreign exchange market.
-
A.
Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934
The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 is the foundational legislation that established the Reserve Bank of India and provides the legal framework for monetary policy, currency issuance, and regulation of the Indian financial system.
-
B.
Currency Act 1963
The Currency Act 1963 was Australian legislation that established the framework for replacing the Australian pound with a decimal currency system, paving the way for the introduction of the Australian dollar.
-
C.
Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951
The Finance Commission (Miscellaneous Provisions) Act, 1951 is an Indian statute that lays down the composition, qualifications, and functioning framework of the Finance Commission of India.
-
D.
Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989
The Financial Institutions Reform, Recovery, and Enforcement Act of 1989 is a U.S. federal law enacted in response to the savings and loan crisis, overhauling the regulation of thrift institutions, strengthening enforcement powers, and restructuring federal deposit insurance.
-
E.
Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994
The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 is a U.S. federal law that deregulated interstate banking by allowing bank holding companies and banks to expand and operate branches across state lines, reshaping the national banking landscape.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (48)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Act of Parliament of India
ⓘ
Indian statute ⓘ |
| actNumber | 42 of 1999 ⓘ |
| administeredBy | Reserve Bank of India ⓘ |
| allows | current account transactions to be generally free unless restricted ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs | FEMA 1999 ⓘ |
| appliesTo | all branches, offices and agencies outside India owned or controlled by a person resident in India ⓘ |
| basisFor |
Foreign Exchange Management (Current Account Transactions) Rules, 2000
ⓘ
Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident Outside India) Regulations ⓘ |
| cameIntoForceOn | 1 June 2000 ⓘ |
| country | India ⓘ |
| defines |
capital account transaction
ⓘ
current account transaction ⓘ person resident in India ⓘ |
| empowers |
Central Government to regulate certain classes of capital account transactions
ⓘ
Reserve Bank of India to regulate capital account transactions ⓘ
linked to:
Reserve Bank of India
|
| enactedBy | Parliament of India ⓘ |
| enforcedBy | Directorate of Enforcement ⓘ |
| extendsTo |
all branches, offices and agencies outside India owned or controlled by persons resident in India
ⓘ
whole of India ⓘ |
| jurisdiction | territory of India ⓘ |
| legalNature | civil law framework ⓘ |
| longTitle | An Act to consolidate and amend the law relating to foreign exchange with the objective of facilitating external trade and payments and for promoting the orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India ⓘ |
| objective |
facilitate external trade and payments
ⓘ
promote orderly development and maintenance of foreign exchange market in India ⓘ |
| penaltiesMayInclude | confiscation of currency, security or property involved ⓘ |
| penaltiesNature | monetary penalties ⓘ |
| policyOrientation | management and facilitation rather than strict control ⓘ |
| providesFor |
management of foreign exchange
ⓘ
regulation of acquisition and transfer of immovable property outside India ⓘ regulation of dealings in foreign exchange and foreign securities ⓘ regulation of establishment of branch, office or other place of business outside India ⓘ regulation of import and export of currency ⓘ |
| regulates |
capital account transactions
ⓘ
current account transactions ⓘ foreign exchange transactions ⓘ payments related to external trade ⓘ |
| relevantFor |
external commercial borrowings
ⓘ
foreign direct investment in India ⓘ overseas direct investment by Indian residents ⓘ remittances outside India ⓘ |
| repealedAct | Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1973 ⓘ |
| replacedCriminalRegimeOf | Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, 1973 ⓘ |
| sectionCountApprox | 49 sections ⓘ |
| shortName | FEMA ⓘ |
| subjectMatter |
external trade payments
ⓘ
foreign exchange management ⓘ |
| yearEnacted | 1999 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 Description of subject: The Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 is an Indian law that regulates foreign exchange transactions and external trade payments, aiming to facilitate orderly development and maintenance of the country’s foreign exchange market.
Referenced by (15)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
linked to: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
linked to: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
Central Government to regulate certain classes of capital account transactions
→
legalBasis
→
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
ⓘ
Foreign Exchange Management (Current Account Transactions) Rules, 2000
→
enablingAct
→
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
ⓘ
Foreign Exchange Management (Transfer or Issue of Security by a Person Resident Outside India) Regulations
→
basedOnAct
→
Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999
ⓘ
linked to: Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999