Tojolabal
E155116
Tojolabal is an indigenous Mayan language spoken primarily in the Chiapas region of southern Mexico.
All labels observed (2)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Tojolabal canonical | 14 |
| Tojol-abʼal | 3 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1350813 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tojolabal Context triple: [Mayan languages, includesLanguage, Tojolabal]
-
A.
Watugaluh
Watugaluh was an important historical city in Java that served as the political and administrative center of the Medang Kingdom.
-
B.
Bantia
Bantia was an ancient Oscan-speaking city in southern Italy, notable for yielding important inscriptions that illuminate the Oscan language and Italic legal traditions.
-
C.
Pénjamo
Pénjamo is a historic town in the Mexican state of Guanajuato, best known as the birthplace of independence leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.
-
D.
Butuan
Butuan is a historically significant city in the Caraga region of northeastern Mindanao in the Philippines, known for its rich pre-colonial heritage and archaeological sites.
-
E.
Kitchawan
Kitchawan is a small hamlet within the town of Yorktown in Westchester County, New York, known for its residential character and proximity to natural areas.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tojolabal Target entity description: Tojolabal is an indigenous Mayan language spoken primarily in the Chiapas region of southern Mexico.
-
A.
Watugaluh
Watugaluh was an important historical city in Java that served as the political and administrative center of the Medang Kingdom.
-
B.
Bantia
Bantia was an ancient Oscan-speaking city in southern Italy, notable for yielding important inscriptions that illuminate the Oscan language and Italic legal traditions.
-
C.
Pénjamo
Pénjamo is a historic town in the Mexican state of Guanajuato, best known as the birthplace of independence leader Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla.
-
D.
Butuan
Butuan is a historically significant city in the Caraga region of northeastern Mindanao in the Philippines, known for its rich pre-colonial heritage and archaeological sites.
-
E.
Kitchawan
Kitchawan is a small hamlet within the town of Yorktown in Westchester County, New York, known for its residential character and proximity to natural areas.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (44)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Mayan language
ⓘ
indigenous language ⓘ natural language ⓘ |
| belongsToMacroArea | Mesoamerica ⓘ |
| closelyRelatedTo |
Chʼol
ⓘ
Tzeltal ⓘ
linked to:
Tzeltal Maya
|
| endangermentFactors | language shift to Spanish ⓘ |
| ethnicGroup | Tojolabal people ⓘ |
| glottocode | tojo1241 ⓘ |
| hasAlignmentSystem | ergative alignment in pronouns and verb agreement ⓘ |
| hasAlternativeName |
Tojol-abʼal
ⓘ
linked to:
Tojolabal
Tojolabal Maya ⓘ |
| hasCulturalAssociation | Mayan cultural heritage ⓘ |
| hasLinguisticResearch |
descriptive grammars
ⓘ
documented dictionaries ⓘ |
| hasLinguisticType |
agglutinative language
ⓘ
ergative–absolutive language ⓘ head-marking language ⓘ |
| hasMorphologicalFeature |
aspect-marking on verbs
ⓘ
person-marking on verbs ⓘ rich verbal inflection ⓘ |
| hasOrthographicStandard | community-based orthographies ⓘ |
| hasPhonologicalFeature | contrastive tone absent ⓘ |
| hasPronounSystem | person and number distinctions ⓘ |
| hasSociolinguisticFeature | many speakers are bilingual in Spanish ⓘ |
| ISO639-3Code | toj ⓘ |
| languageFamily |
Mayan language family
ⓘ
linked to:
Mayan languages
|
| languageFamilyBranch | Western Mayan ⓘ |
| languagePolicyContext | recognized as indigenous language of Mexico ⓘ |
| languageStatus | vulnerable ⓘ |
| spokenInCountry | Mexico ⓘ |
| spokenInMunicipality |
Altamirano, Chiapas
ⓘ
Comitán de Domínguez, Chiapas ⓘ Las Margaritas, Chiapas ⓘ |
| spokenInRegion |
Chiapas
ⓘ
southern Mexico ⓘ |
| subfamily |
Chʼolan–Tzeltalan
ⓘ
linked to:
Chʼolan–Tseltalan languages
|
| subgroup | Tzeltalan languages ⓘ |
| usedInDomain |
everyday communication
ⓘ
local education (bilingual programs) ⓘ oral tradition ⓘ |
| wordOrder |
VOS
ⓘ
VSO ⓘ |
| writingSystem |
Latin script
ⓘ
linked to:
Latin alphabet
|
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Tojolabal Description of subject: Tojolabal is an indigenous Mayan language spoken primarily in the Chiapas region of southern Mexico.
Referenced by (17)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Tojolabal
linked to: Tojolabal
linked to: Tojolabal