Tolman–Ehrenfest effect

E145217

The Tolman–Ehrenfest effect is a relativistic thermodynamic phenomenon stating that, in a system at thermal equilibrium within a gravitational field, temperature varies with gravitational potential so that hotter regions occur deeper in the gravitational well.

All labels observed (7)

How this entity was disambiguated

Statements (44)

Predicate Object
instanceOf physical phenomenon ⓘ
relativistic thermodynamic effect ⓘ
appliesTo systems in static gravitational fields ⓘ
systems in thermal equilibrium in curved spacetime ⓘ
assumes general relativistic description of gravity ⓘ
global thermal equilibrium ⓘ
static spacetime metric ⓘ
clarifies relationship between temperature and time dilation ⓘ
compatibleWith gravitational time dilation ⓘ
local validity of special relativity ⓘ
context curved spacetime thermodynamics ⓘ
equilibrium of self-gravitating systems ⓘ
contrastsWith naive Newtonian expectation of uniform temperature at equilibrium in a gravitational field ⓘ
describes temperature distribution in a gravitational field at thermal equilibrium ⓘ
explains how local temperature must vary to maintain equilibrium in gravity ⓘ
field general relativity ⓘ
statistical mechanics ⓘ
thermodynamics ⓘ
formulatedBy Paul Ehrenfest ⓘ
Richard C. Tolman ⓘ
hasAlternativeName Tolman law of temperature in a gravitational field ⓘ
Tolman temperature relation ⓘ
hasConsequence thermodynamic equilibrium is frame and metric dependent ⓘ
uniform temperature in a gravitational field is incompatible with full relativistic equilibrium ⓘ
holdsWhen no heat flow occurs in the system ⓘ
implies hotter regions occur deeper in a gravitational well at equilibrium ⓘ
involvesQuantity gravitational potential ⓘ
local temperature ⓘ
metric component g00 ⓘ
proper time ⓘ
mathematicalForm T(r)·sqrt(g00(r)) = constant in static spacetime ⓘ
predicts temperature increases with depth in a gravitational potential well at equilibrium ⓘ
relatedTo Einstein field equations ⓘ
Tolman law ⓘ
Tolman temperature gradient ⓘ
equivalence principle ⓘ
gravitational redshift ⓘ
relativistic thermodynamic equilibrium ⓘ
statesThat temperature varies with gravitational potential in thermal equilibrium ⓘ
usedIn analysis of thermal radiation in gravitational fields ⓘ
black hole thermodynamics ⓘ
cosmological thermodynamics ⓘ
relativistic stellar structure models ⓘ
yearProposed 1930 ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (7)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Richard C. Tolman → notableConcept → Tolman–Ehrenfest effect ⓘ
Richard C. Tolman → knownFor → Tolman relation in relativistic thermodynamics ⓘ
subject linked to: Tolman
linked to: Tolman–Ehrenfest effect
Tolman–Ehrenfest effect → relatedTo → Tolman temperature gradient ⓘ
linked to: Tolman–Ehrenfest effect
Tolman–Ehrenfest effect → relatedTo → Tolman law ⓘ
linked to: Tolman–Ehrenfest effect
Tolman–Ehrenfest effect → hasAlternativeName → Tolman temperature relation ⓘ
linked to: Tolman–Ehrenfest effect
Tolman–Ehrenfest effect → hasAlternativeName → Tolman law of temperature in a gravitational field ⓘ
linked to: Tolman–Ehrenfest effect
Paul Ehrenfest → notableWork → Ehrenfest–Tolman effect ⓘ
linked to: Tolman–Ehrenfest effect