Battle of Flores (1591)
E142791
The Battle of Flores (1591) was a naval engagement during the Anglo-Spanish War in which an English squadron under Sir Richard Grenville was overwhelmed by a larger Spanish fleet near the Azores while protecting a treasure convoy.
All labels observed (4)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Battle of Flores | 2 |
| Battle of Flores (1591) canonical | 2 |
| Action of Flores (1591) | 1 |
| Azores campaign of 1591 | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1221504 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Flores (1591) Context triple: [Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), hasMajorEvent, Battle of Flores (1591)]
-
A.
Battle of Lagos (1693)
The Battle of Lagos (1693) was a major naval engagement in which a French fleet decisively defeated an Anglo-Dutch convoy off the Portuguese coast during the Nine Years' War.
-
B.
Battle of Gravelines (1588)
The Battle of Gravelines (1588) was a decisive naval engagement in which the English fleet scattered and crippled the Spanish Armada, marking a turning point in Spain’s attempt to invade England.
-
C.
Battle of San Juan (1595)
The Battle of San Juan (1595) was a failed English naval assault led by Sir Francis Drake against the Spanish-held port of San Juan in Puerto Rico during the Anglo-Spanish War.
-
D.
Battle of Cape Spartivento
The Battle of Cape Spartivento was a World War II naval engagement in the Mediterranean Sea between British-led Allied forces and the Italian Regia Marina in November 1940.
-
E.
Battle of Nieuwpoort
The Battle of Nieuwpoort was a 1600 clash near the Flemish coast in which Dutch forces under Maurice of Nassau defeated the Spanish army, marking a notable tactical victory during the Eighty Years' War.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Battle of Flores (1591) Target entity description: The Battle of Flores (1591) was a naval engagement during the Anglo-Spanish War in which an English squadron under Sir Richard Grenville was overwhelmed by a larger Spanish fleet near the Azores while protecting a treasure convoy.
-
A.
Battle of Lagos (1693)
The Battle of Lagos (1693) was a major naval engagement in which a French fleet decisively defeated an Anglo-Dutch convoy off the Portuguese coast during the Nine Years' War.
-
B.
Battle of Gravelines (1588)
The Battle of Gravelines (1588) was a decisive naval engagement in which the English fleet scattered and crippled the Spanish Armada, marking a turning point in Spain’s attempt to invade England.
-
C.
Battle of San Juan (1595)
The Battle of San Juan (1595) was a failed English naval assault led by Sir Francis Drake against the Spanish-held port of San Juan in Puerto Rico during the Anglo-Spanish War.
-
D.
Battle of Cape Spartivento
The Battle of Cape Spartivento was a World War II naval engagement in the Mediterranean Sea between British-led Allied forces and the Italian Regia Marina in November 1940.
-
E.
Battle of Nieuwpoort
The Battle of Nieuwpoort was a 1600 clash near the Flemish coast in which Dutch forces under Maurice of Nassau defeated the Spanish army, marking a notable tactical victory during the Eighty Years' War.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (37)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
military engagement
ⓘ
naval battle ⓘ |
| alsoKnownAs |
Action of Flores (1591)
ⓘ
linked to:
Battle of Flores (1591)
|
| belligerent |
Kingdom of England
ⓘ
Spanish Empire ⓘ |
| cause | English attempt to intercept Spanish treasure fleets ⓘ |
| commander |
Alonso de Bazán
ⓘ
Sir Richard Grenville ⓘ |
| conflict |
Anglo-Spanish War
ⓘ
linked to:
Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
|
| countryAtTime | Kingdom of England ⓘ |
| date | 1591 ⓘ |
| EnglishCasualties | heavy ⓘ |
| EnglishCommanderRole |
Sir Richard Grenville commanded the English squadron
ⓘ
linked to:
Sir Richard Grenville
|
| EnglishRole | escort of an English treasure convoy ⓘ |
| flagship | Revenge (English galleon) ⓘ |
| followedBy | continued Spanish efforts to protect treasure fleets ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod |
Elizabethan era
ⓘ
linked to:
Tudor England
|
| location |
Azores
ⓘ
near Flores Island ⓘ |
| navalTactics | close-quarters gunnery and boarding actions ⓘ |
| notableEvent | prolonged last stand of the English galleon Revenge ⓘ |
| objective | protection of an English treasure convoy ⓘ |
| opponentCountryAtTime |
Monarchy of Spain
ⓘ
linked to:
Spanish monarchy
|
| outcome | capture and later loss of the English galleon Revenge ⓘ |
| partOf |
Anglo-Spanish War
ⓘ
linked to:
Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
|
| precededBy | earlier actions of the Anglo-Spanish War ⓘ |
| region |
North Atlantic
ⓘ
linked to:
Northwest Atlantic Ocean
|
| relatedWork |
contemporary English ballads about the Revenge
ⓘ
later literary accounts of Sir Richard Grenville’s last fight ⓘ |
| result | Spanish victory ⓘ |
| shipInvolved | Revenge (English galleon) ⓘ |
| SpanishCasualties | significant but lower than English ⓘ |
| SpanishCommanderRole |
Alonso de Bazán commanded the Spanish fleet
ⓘ
linked to:
Alonso de Bazán
|
| SpanishFleetStrength | significantly larger than English squadron ⓘ |
| SpanishObjective | destroy or capture English squadron ⓘ |
| strategicContext | war over control of Atlantic trade and colonies ⓘ |
| theatre | Atlantic Ocean ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Battle of Flores (1591) Description of subject: The Battle of Flores (1591) was a naval engagement during the Anglo-Spanish War in which an English squadron under Sir Richard Grenville was overwhelmed by a larger Spanish fleet near the Azores while protecting a treasure convoy.
Referenced by (6)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.
linked to: Battle of Flores (1591)
linked to: Battle of Flores (1591)
linked to: Battle of Flores (1591)