White Terror against former Jacobins

E122349

counter-revolutionary movement political repression campaign wave of political violence

The White Terror against former Jacobins was a wave of reactionary violence and persecution in post-Revolutionary France, during which royalists and moderates targeted and repressed former radical revolutionaries associated with the Jacobin regime.

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All labels observed (3)

Label	Occurrences
White Terror (1815) in France	1
White Terror against former Jacobins canonical	1
anti-Jacobins	1

How this entity was disambiguated

This entity first appeared as the object of triple T1008287 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.

NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: White Terror against former Jacobins
Context triple: [Thermidorian Reaction, result, White Terror against former Jacobins]

A. White Terror
White Terror refers to the campaign of political repression, mass executions, and violence carried out by anti-Bolshevik forces and their allies during the Russian Civil War.
B. Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was a particularly violent and radical phase of the French Revolution marked by mass executions, political purges, and authoritarian rule under the Committee of Public Safety.
C. Jacquerie
The Jacquerie was a violent peasant uprising in northern France in 1358, sparked by heavy taxation, war devastation, and noble abuses during the Hundred Years’ War.
D. Revolutionary Tribunal
The Revolutionary Tribunal was a powerful court established during the French Revolution to prosecute and often condemn perceived enemies of the revolutionary government, especially during the Reign of Terror.
E. September Massacres
The September Massacres were a wave of brutal killings of prisoners in Paris in early September 1792, reflecting the radicalization and violent popular justice that marked a turning point in the French Revolution.
F. None of above. chosen
G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07

Target entity: White Terror against former Jacobins
Target entity description: The White Terror against former Jacobins was a wave of reactionary violence and persecution in post-Revolutionary France, during which royalists and moderates targeted and repressed former radical revolutionaries associated with the Jacobin regime.

A. White Terror
White Terror refers to the campaign of political repression, mass executions, and violence carried out by anti-Bolshevik forces and their allies during the Russian Civil War.
B. Reign of Terror
The Reign of Terror was a particularly violent and radical phase of the French Revolution marked by mass executions, political purges, and authoritarian rule under the Committee of Public Safety.
C. Jacquerie
The Jacquerie was a violent peasant uprising in northern France in 1358, sparked by heavy taxation, war devastation, and noble abuses during the Hundred Years’ War.
D. Revolutionary Tribunal
The Revolutionary Tribunal was a powerful court established during the French Revolution to prosecute and often condemn perceived enemies of the revolutionary government, especially during the Reign of Terror.
E. September Massacres
The September Massacres were a wave of brutal killings of prisoners in Paris in early September 1792, reflecting the radicalization and violent popular justice that marked a turning point in the French Revolution.
F. None of above. chosen

Statements (64)

Predicate	Object
instanceOf	counter-revolutionary movement ⓘ political repression campaign ⓘ wave of political violence ⓘ
aimedAt	elimination of Jacobin influence ⓘ restoration of social and political hierarchies ⓘ retribution for the Reign of Terror ⓘ
alsoKnownAs	White Terror of 1794–1795 ⓘ
characterizedBy	local vendettas ⓘ mob violence ⓘ political reprisals ⓘ reactionary violence ⓘ summary executions ⓘ
country	France ⓘ
endTime	1795 ⓘ
followedBy	Directory regime ⓘ establishment of the Directory ⓘ
follows	Reign of Terror ⓘ Thermidorian Reaction ⓘ fall of Robespierre ⓘ
hasCause	Thermidorian Reaction ⓘ collapse of the Jacobin dictatorship ⓘ economic hardship in post-Terror France ⓘ resentment against the Reign of Terror ⓘ royalist desire for revenge ⓘ social tensions after Year II ⓘ
hasEffect	closure of many Jacobin clubs ⓘ discrediting of Jacobin clubs ⓘ extrajudicial killings of former Jacobins ⓘ impunity for many anti-Jacobin attackers ⓘ lynchings of suspected terrorists ⓘ political instability in post-Terror France ⓘ rise of Thermidorian political dominance ⓘ strengthening of moderate and conservative forces ⓘ weakening of radical republicanism ⓘ
hasPart	attacks on former members of the Committee of Public Safety ⓘ attacks on local Jacobin leaders ⓘ attacks on sans-culottes ⓘ attacks on suspected supporters of the Terror ⓘ persecution of former Jacobins ⓘ
historicalPeriod	post-Terror phase of the French Revolution ⓘ
location	Avignon ⓘ Languedoc ⓘ Lyon ⓘ Marseille ⓘ Nîmes ⓘ Provence ⓘ Rhône valley ⓘ linked to: Rhône Valley Toulon ⓘ southern France ⓘ linked to: Southern France
opponent	former Jacobins ⓘ former members of revolutionary committees ⓘ radical republicans ⓘ sans-culottes ⓘ supporters of the Montagnards ⓘ
participant	Jeunesse dorée ⓘ Muscardins ⓘ Thermidorians ⓘ linked to: Thermidorian deputies counter-revolutionary gangs ⓘ moderate republicans ⓘ royalists ⓘ
partOf	French Revolution ⓘ
startTime	1794 ⓘ
temporalContext	Thermidorian Convention ⓘ linked to: Thermidorian Reaction Year III of the French Revolutionary calendar ⓘ

How these facts were elicited

Referenced by (3)

Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.

Thermidorian Reaction → result → White Terror against former Jacobins ⓘ

Second Bourbon Restoration → keyEvent → White Terror (1815) in France ⓘ

linked to: White Terror against former Jacobins

White Terror of 1794–1795 → hasParticipant → anti-Jacobins ⓘ