Triple
T9486681
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Trans-Saharan trade routes |
E228779
|
entity |
| Predicate | enabledRiseOf |
P6232
|
FINISHED |
| Object | Hausa city-states |
E292609
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Hausa city-states | Statement: [Trans-Saharan trade routes, enabledRiseOf, Hausa city-states]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Hausa city-states Context triple: [Trans-Saharan trade routes, enabledRiseOf, Hausa city-states]
-
A.
Hausa city-states
chosen
The Hausa city-states were a network of powerful, walled urban centers in what is now northern Nigeria and surrounding regions, known for their role as hubs of trans-Saharan trade, Islamic scholarship, and Hausa culture before colonial rule.
-
B.
Zazzau Emirate
Zazzau Emirate is a historic Hausa kingdom and traditional emirate centered on the city of Zaria, known for its role as a major political and commercial hub in precolonial northern Nigeria.
-
C.
Kano Emirate (pre-jihad Hausa state)
The Kano Emirate (pre-jihad Hausa state) was a powerful and long-standing Hausa kingdom centered on the city of Kano in what is now northern Nigeria, known for its thriving trans-Saharan trade, Islamic scholarship, and sophisticated urban culture before its incorporation into the Sokoto Caliphate.
-
D.
Sokoto Caliphate
The Sokoto Caliphate was a powerful 19th-century Islamic empire in West Africa that became a major center of Islamic learning, governance, and trade.
-
E.
Kebbi Kingdom
Kebbi Kingdom was a historic Hausa state in what is now northwestern Nigeria, known for its role in regional trade and military power in the central Sudan region.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69ca847424f081908180305555139f7a |
completed | March 30, 2026, 2:11 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69cd8051303881909566126a2688e41c |
completed | April 1, 2026, 8:30 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69d12d1326b8819084c6d9490b7a96dc |
completed | April 4, 2026, 3:24 p.m. |
Created at: March 30, 2026, 7:55 p.m.