Triple

T22429937
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Michael Dine E554470 entity
Predicate hasWritten P2831 FINISHED
Object Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model
Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model is a graduate-level textbook by physicist Michael Dine that introduces supersymmetry, string theory, and their role in attempts to extend particle physics beyond the Standard Model.
E1535085 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model | Statement: [Michael Dine, hasWritten, Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model
Context triple: [Michael Dine, hasWritten, Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model]
  • A. Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
    Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
  • B. Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
    "Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
  • C. Type IIA string theory
    Type IIA string theory is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric string theory featuring non-chiral (left-right symmetric) fermions and D-branes, and is realized as a low-energy limit or compactification of M-theory.
  • D. Type I string theory
    Type I string theory is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric string theory featuring both open and closed strings with SO(32) gauge symmetry and unoriented world-sheets.
  • E. Type I supergravity
    Type I supergravity is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric gravitational theory that forms the low-energy effective description of Type I string theory and plays a key role in anomaly cancellation via the Green–Schwarz mechanism.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model
Triple: [Michael Dine, hasWritten, Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model]
Generated description
Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model is a graduate-level textbook by physicist Michael Dine that introduces supersymmetry, string theory, and their role in attempts to extend particle physics beyond the Standard Model.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model
Target entity description: Supersymmetry and String Theory: Beyond the Standard Model is a graduate-level textbook by physicist Michael Dine that introduces supersymmetry, string theory, and their role in attempts to extend particle physics beyond the Standard Model.
  • A. Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction
    Superstring Theory, Volume 1: Introduction is a foundational graduate-level textbook that systematically presents the basic concepts, mathematical framework, and physical motivations of superstring theory.
  • B. Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology
    "Superstring Theory, Volume 2: Loop Amplitudes, Anomalies and Phenomenology" is a foundational advanced textbook that develops the quantum and phenomenological aspects of superstring theory, including loop calculations, anomaly cancellation, and connections to particle physics.
  • C. Type IIA string theory
    Type IIA string theory is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric string theory featuring non-chiral (left-right symmetric) fermions and D-branes, and is realized as a low-energy limit or compactification of M-theory.
  • D. Type I string theory
    Type I string theory is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric string theory featuring both open and closed strings with SO(32) gauge symmetry and unoriented world-sheets.
  • E. Type I supergravity
    Type I supergravity is a ten-dimensional supersymmetric gravitational theory that forms the low-energy effective description of Type I string theory and plays a key role in anomaly cancellation via the Green–Schwarz mechanism.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e11e4f2d0c819091aa3558ea2ee630 completed April 16, 2026, 5:37 p.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69f15a311b148190bdb752f3f067bb3f completed April 29, 2026, 1:09 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0af0f73d64819092b457958af9ad79 completed May 18, 2026, 10:59 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a0af1c05bf8819089fd76b6a03a87d0 completed May 18, 2026, 11:02 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a0af255240c8190a2ba805b1b4d72de completed May 18, 2026, 11:04 a.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 8:47 p.m.