Triple

T21636872
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Anthony Hallam E533982 entity
Predicate notableWork P4 FINISHED
Object Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions E533982 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (2 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions | Statement: [Anthony Hallam, notableWork, Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions
Context triple: [Anthony Hallam, notableWork, Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions]
  • A. Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions chosen
    *Catastrophes and Lesser Calamities: The Causes of Mass Extinctions* is a scientific book by geologist Anthony Hallam that examines the geological and biological evidence behind major extinction events in Earth's history.
  • B. Phanerozoic mass extinctions
    Phanerozoic mass extinctions are the handful of catastrophic, globally disruptive biodiversity crises over the last ~540 million years that abruptly wiped out large proportions of Earth’s species and reshaped the course of evolution.
  • C. Paleozoic mass extinctions
    Paleozoic mass extinctions were several major biodiversity crises between roughly 541 and 252 million years ago that dramatically reshaped marine and terrestrial life, including events like the Kellwasser extinctions and culminating in the end-Permian “Great Dying.”
  • D. Extinction: The Causes and Consequences of the Disappearance of Species
    Extinction: The Causes and Consequences of the Disappearance of Species is an influential environmental science book examining the drivers, scale, and implications of modern species loss for ecosystems and humanity.
  • E. Late Ordovician mass extinction
    The Late Ordovician mass extinction was one of Earth’s largest biodiversity crises, during which severe climate change and glaciation led to the rapid loss of a substantial portion of marine species.
  • F. None of above.
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.

Provenance (3 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0c465ae7481908577b7209fdb2a77 completed April 16, 2026, 11:13 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69ef538ddb088190a3cba6fdc84c0ae8 completed April 27, 2026, 12:16 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a0a0f9de1fc8190bd44ba90877385c1 completed May 17, 2026, 6:57 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 6:35 p.m.