Triple
T21088225
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems |
E519559
|
entity |
| Predicate | publishedIn |
P309
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Complexity of Computer Computations
"Complexity of Computer Computations" is a seminal 1972 conference proceedings volume that helped establish the foundations of computational complexity theory by collecting influential early papers on algorithmic efficiency and problem hardness.
|
E1466552
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Complexity of Computer Computations | Statement: [Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems, publishedIn, Complexity of Computer Computations]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Complexity of Computer Computations Context triple: [Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems, publishedIn, Complexity of Computer Computations]
-
A.
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972)
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972) is a landmark paper by Richard Karp that introduced NP-completeness to a broad audience by showing polynomial-time reductions among 21 classic combinatorial decision problems.
-
B.
Elements of the Theory of Computation
Elements of the Theory of Computation is a foundational textbook that introduces the mathematical and theoretical principles underlying computer science, including automata, formal languages, and computability.
-
C.
Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity
"Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity" is a widely used graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of computational complexity, including classes like P and NP and the foundations of NP-completeness.
-
D.
Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective
Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective is a graduate-level textbook that presents the foundations and key themes of computational complexity theory with an emphasis on conceptual understanding over technical detail.
-
E.
P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
"P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Complexity of Computer Computations Triple: [Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems, publishedIn, Complexity of Computer Computations]
Generated description
"Complexity of Computer Computations" is a seminal 1972 conference proceedings volume that helped establish the foundations of computational complexity theory by collecting influential early papers on algorithmic efficiency and problem hardness.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Complexity of Computer Computations Target entity description: "Complexity of Computer Computations" is a seminal 1972 conference proceedings volume that helped establish the foundations of computational complexity theory by collecting influential early papers on algorithmic efficiency and problem hardness.
-
A.
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972)
"Reducibility Among Combinatorial Problems" (1972) is a landmark paper by Richard Karp that introduced NP-completeness to a broad audience by showing polynomial-time reductions among 21 classic combinatorial decision problems.
-
B.
Elements of the Theory of Computation
Elements of the Theory of Computation is a foundational textbook that introduces the mathematical and theoretical principles underlying computer science, including automata, formal languages, and computability.
-
C.
Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity
"Papadimitriou: Computational Complexity" is a widely used graduate-level textbook that systematically develops the theory of computational complexity, including classes like P and NP and the foundations of NP-completeness.
-
D.
Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective
Computational Complexity: A Conceptual Perspective is a graduate-level textbook that presents the foundations and key themes of computational complexity theory with an emphasis on conceptual understanding over technical detail.
-
E.
P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory
"P, NP, and NP-Completeness: The Basics of Complexity Theory" is a foundational textbook by Oded Goldreich that introduces the core concepts, problems, and techniques of computational complexity theory, with a focus on the classes P, NP, and NP-complete problems.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69e0b507dd9081908fb8bfcbef4c8b46 |
completed | April 16, 2026, 10:08 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e7094cebe08190bb10f51a45c244ec |
completed | April 21, 2026, 5:21 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a095a560a508190b4e69a73e6302836 |
completed | May 17, 2026, 6:04 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a095c58689481909fb5ab261870e7e6 |
completed | May 17, 2026, 6:12 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a095d21b59881909898c9581fc21ba7 |
completed | May 17, 2026, 6:16 a.m. |
Created at: April 16, 2026, 2:50 p.m.