Triple

T20964071
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Siege of Adrianople (813) E516320 entity
Predicate combatant P375 FINISHED
Object Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum
Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum were the early 9th-century army of the First Bulgarian Empire that, under the leadership of Khan Krum, achieved major victories against the Byzantine Empire and expanded Bulgarian territory in the Balkans.
E1459857 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum | Statement: [Siege of Adrianople (813), combatant, Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum
Context triple: [Siege of Adrianople (813), combatant, Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum]
  • A. siege of Constantinople by Krum
    The siege of Constantinople by Krum was a major early 9th-century Bulgarian attempt to capture the Byzantine capital, highlighting the height of Bulgarian military power and posing a serious threat to the Byzantine Empire.
  • B. Kievan Rus' invasion of Bulgaria
    The Kievan Rus' invasion of Bulgaria was a 10th-century military campaign in which Prince Sviatoslav I of Kiev overran much of the First Bulgarian Empire, reshaping the balance of power in Eastern Europe and prompting Byzantine intervention.
  • C. forces of Ögedei Khan
    The forces of Ögedei Khan were the Mongol imperial armies commanded under the third son of Genghis Khan, which expanded and consolidated Mongol rule across much of Eurasia in the early 13th century.
  • D. Qara Khitai forces
    Qara Khitai forces were the military troops of the Qara Khitai (Western Liao) empire, a Central Asian successor state to the Liao dynasty that opposed the expanding Mongol Empire in the early 13th century.
  • E. Kievan Rus military forces
    Kievan Rus military forces were the medieval armed forces of the East Slavic state of Kievan Rus, composed mainly of princely retinues and levied warriors who conducted campaigns and defended its territories from the 9th to the 13th centuries.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum
Triple: [Siege of Adrianople (813), combatant, Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum]
Generated description
Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum were the early 9th-century army of the First Bulgarian Empire that, under the leadership of Khan Krum, achieved major victories against the Byzantine Empire and expanded Bulgarian territory in the Balkans.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum
Target entity description: Bulgarian forces under Khan Krum were the early 9th-century army of the First Bulgarian Empire that, under the leadership of Khan Krum, achieved major victories against the Byzantine Empire and expanded Bulgarian territory in the Balkans.
  • A. siege of Constantinople by Krum
    The siege of Constantinople by Krum was a major early 9th-century Bulgarian attempt to capture the Byzantine capital, highlighting the height of Bulgarian military power and posing a serious threat to the Byzantine Empire.
  • B. Kievan Rus' invasion of Bulgaria
    The Kievan Rus' invasion of Bulgaria was a 10th-century military campaign in which Prince Sviatoslav I of Kiev overran much of the First Bulgarian Empire, reshaping the balance of power in Eastern Europe and prompting Byzantine intervention.
  • C. forces of Ögedei Khan
    The forces of Ögedei Khan were the Mongol imperial armies commanded under the third son of Genghis Khan, which expanded and consolidated Mongol rule across much of Eurasia in the early 13th century.
  • D. Qara Khitai forces
    Qara Khitai forces were the military troops of the Qara Khitai (Western Liao) empire, a Central Asian successor state to the Liao dynasty that opposed the expanding Mongol Empire in the early 13th century.
  • E. Kievan Rus military forces
    Kievan Rus military forces were the medieval armed forces of the East Slavic state of Kievan Rus, composed mainly of princely retinues and levied warriors who conducted campaigns and defended its territories from the 9th to the 13th centuries.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0b4fde6c48190af1398e7e734629e completed April 16, 2026, 10:07 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e6fb71d644819087e00933fcc26217 completed April 21, 2026, 4:22 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a09279a50bc8190a2ac4bda770fe6fa completed May 17, 2026, 2:27 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a0928b4be448190bd862c8f971e61d9 completed May 17, 2026, 2:32 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a0929734a5c8190911e54b601118bae completed May 17, 2026, 2:35 a.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 1:32 p.m.