Triple

T20352189
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Leo II E496038 entity
Predicate catalog P20407 FINISHED
Object Caldwell
Caldwell is an astronomical catalog of deep-sky objects, including star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, compiled as a complement to the Messier catalog for amateur observers.
 E1425110 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Caldwell | Statement: [Leo II, catalog, Caldwell]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Caldwell
Context triple: [Leo II, catalog, Caldwell]
  • A. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a small suburban borough in Essex County, New Jersey, known for its historic character and residential community.
  • B. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a surname of Scottish and English origin borne by numerous notable individuals across politics, sports, academia, and the arts.
  • C. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a small rural locality in the Murray River region of New South Wales, Australia.
  • D. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a small city in Burleson County, Texas, known as the “Kolache Capital of Texas” and serving as the county seat.
  • E. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a city in southwestern Idaho known as part of the Boise metropolitan area and for its agricultural roots and growing wine industry.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Caldwell
Triple: [Leo II, catalog, Caldwell]
Generated description
Caldwell is an astronomical catalog of deep-sky objects, including star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, compiled as a complement to the Messier catalog for amateur observers.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07 
Target entity: Caldwell
Target entity description: Caldwell is an astronomical catalog of deep-sky objects, including star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies, compiled as a complement to the Messier catalog for amateur observers.
  • A. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a city in southwestern Idaho known as part of the Boise metropolitan area and for its agricultural roots and growing wine industry.
  • B. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a surname of Scottish and English origin borne by numerous notable individuals across politics, sports, academia, and the arts.
  • C. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a small rural locality in the Murray River region of New South Wales, Australia.
  • D. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a small suburban borough in Essex County, New Jersey, known for its historic character and residential community.
  • E. Caldwell
    Caldwell is a small city in Burleson County, Texas, known as the “Kolache Capital of Texas” and serving as the county seat.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69e0b4a3f7f48190b37f354574028ca6 completed April 16, 2026, 10:06 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e67850ace48190b19aff5780fef7e8 completed April 20, 2026, 7:02 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a086967aef88190b138be722f410e82 completed May 16, 2026, 12:56 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a0869f7b4208190858fdeae882e008d completed May 16, 2026, 12:58 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a086a893f1c81909bc40e3c4db0e147 completed May 16, 2026, 1 p.m.
Created at: April 16, 2026, 11:25 a.m.