Triple

T19039282
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Christian Wüthrich E465957 entity
Predicate coAuthorOf P2389 FINISHED
Object Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity
Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity is an academic volume that explores conceptual and philosophical issues at the intersection of quantum mechanics and general relativity, focusing on how spacetime might emerge from more fundamental physical structures.
E1355521 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity | Statement: [Christian Wüthrich, coAuthorOf, Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity
Context triple: [Christian Wüthrich, coAuthorOf, Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity]
  • A. Euclidean quantum gravity
    Euclidean quantum gravity is an approach to quantum gravity that reformulates general relativity in imaginary (Euclidean) time to define a path integral over geometries, often used in black hole thermodynamics and early-universe cosmology.
  • B. The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time
    The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time is a seminal 1973 monograph by Stephen Hawking and George Ellis that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations of general relativity and the global properties of cosmological models.
  • C. Starlight, Time and the New Physics
    Starlight, Time and the New Physics is a book by physicist John J. Hartnett that explores cosmology and the nature of time from a perspective critical of standard Big Bang models.
  • D. Penrose spin networks
    Penrose spin networks are combinatorial graphs introduced by Roger Penrose to model quantum geometry and angular momentum in a discrete, pre-spacetime framework.
  • E. Space, Time and Gravitation
    "Space, Time and Gravitation" is a popular science book by Arthur Stanley Eddington that explains Einstein’s theory of general relativity and its implications for our understanding of the universe.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity
Triple: [Christian Wüthrich, coAuthorOf, Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity]
Generated description
Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity is an academic volume that explores conceptual and philosophical issues at the intersection of quantum mechanics and general relativity, focusing on how spacetime might emerge from more fundamental physical structures.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity
Target entity description: Beyond Spacetime: The Foundations of Quantum Gravity is an academic volume that explores conceptual and philosophical issues at the intersection of quantum mechanics and general relativity, focusing on how spacetime might emerge from more fundamental physical structures.
  • A. Euclidean quantum gravity
    Euclidean quantum gravity is an approach to quantum gravity that reformulates general relativity in imaginary (Euclidean) time to define a path integral over geometries, often used in black hole thermodynamics and early-universe cosmology.
  • B. The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time
    The Large Scale Structure of Space-Time is a seminal 1973 monograph by Stephen Hawking and George Ellis that rigorously develops the mathematical foundations of general relativity and the global properties of cosmological models.
  • C. Starlight, Time and the New Physics
    Starlight, Time and the New Physics is a book by physicist John J. Hartnett that explores cosmology and the nature of time from a perspective critical of standard Big Bang models.
  • D. Penrose spin networks
    Penrose spin networks are combinatorial graphs introduced by Roger Penrose to model quantum geometry and angular momentum in a discrete, pre-spacetime framework.
  • E. Space, Time and Gravitation
    "Space, Time and Gravitation" is a popular science book by Arthur Stanley Eddington that explains Einstein’s theory of general relativity and its implications for our understanding of the universe.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8dd0359648190bc2a9202c5cf29d2 completed April 10, 2026, 11:20 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e5d7ff9b6c8190adc3917a8c9af7bd completed April 20, 2026, 7:38 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a05c549a6208190bb5258e49d868fea completed May 14, 2026, 12:51 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a05c79185d88190801c95dc2aa229fd completed May 14, 2026, 1:01 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a05c7e595688190872825ac7165dcc0 completed May 14, 2026, 1:02 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 12:02 p.m.