Triple

T18659301
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Igor Tamm E456147 entity
Predicate knownFor P22 FINISHED
Object Tamm–Dancoff approximation
The Tamm–Dancoff approximation is a quantum many-body method that simplifies the calculation of excited states by restricting the configuration space to single particle–hole excitations.
E1335879 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Tamm–Dancoff approximation | Statement: [Igor Tamm, knownFor, Tamm–Dancoff approximation]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tamm–Dancoff approximation
Context triple: [Igor Tamm, knownFor, Tamm–Dancoff approximation]
  • A. Lippmann–Schwinger equation
    The Lippmann–Schwinger equation is an integral equation in quantum scattering theory that reformulates the Schrödinger equation to describe how incoming waves are transformed into scattered waves by a potential.
  • B. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • C. Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
    Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
  • D. Placzek approximation in neutron transport theory
    The Placzek approximation in neutron transport theory is a simplifying method used to model neutron scattering and energy moderation in nuclear reactors by approximating the angular and energy dependence of neutron interactions.
  • E. Gamow–Teller theory
    Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Tamm–Dancoff approximation
Triple: [Igor Tamm, knownFor, Tamm–Dancoff approximation]
Generated description
The Tamm–Dancoff approximation is a quantum many-body method that simplifies the calculation of excited states by restricting the configuration space to single particle–hole excitations.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tamm–Dancoff approximation
Target entity description: The Tamm–Dancoff approximation is a quantum many-body method that simplifies the calculation of excited states by restricting the configuration space to single particle–hole excitations.
  • A. Lippmann–Schwinger equation
    The Lippmann–Schwinger equation is an integral equation in quantum scattering theory that reformulates the Schrödinger equation to describe how incoming waves are transformed into scattered waves by a potential.
  • B. Herzberg–Teller approximation
    The Herzberg–Teller approximation is a refinement in molecular spectroscopy that accounts for vibronic coupling by allowing electronic transition dipole moments to depend on nuclear coordinates, explaining intensity in otherwise forbidden transitions.
  • C. Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory
    Brillouin–Wigner perturbation theory is a formulation of quantum mechanical perturbation theory that uses an energy-dependent effective Hamiltonian to obtain improved approximations to eigenvalues and eigenstates.
  • D. Placzek approximation in neutron transport theory
    The Placzek approximation in neutron transport theory is a simplifying method used to model neutron scattering and energy moderation in nuclear reactors by approximating the angular and energy dependence of neutron interactions.
  • E. Gamow–Teller theory
    Gamow–Teller theory is a refinement of beta decay theory that incorporates nuclear spin and parity changes by introducing axial-vector (spin-dependent) weak interactions alongside Fermi’s vector interactions.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8d38f72b4819090a935175d9ca8af completed April 10, 2026, 10:40 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e550889580819090ceb0ea4c93acc7 completed April 19, 2026, 10 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a051724da8881909e065ba1069ecb6c completed May 14, 2026, 12:28 a.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a05193f4cbc8190a0f7bb3fc5247f31 completed May 14, 2026, 12:37 a.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a0519d38a508190bdcfb402f9f75b16 completed May 14, 2026, 12:39 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 11:48 a.m.