Triple
T18479245
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | theory of divergent series |
E451513
|
entity |
| Predicate | hasHistoricalFigure |
P643
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
Ernst Cesàro
Ernst Cesàro was a Belgian mathematician known for his influential work in summability theory and the study of divergent series.
|
E1325979
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Ernst Cesàro | Statement: [theory of divergent series, hasHistoricalFigure, Ernst Cesàro]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ernst Cesàro Context triple: [theory of divergent series, hasHistoricalFigure, Ernst Cesàro]
-
A.
Ulisse Dini
Ulisse Dini was an Italian mathematician known for his contributions to real analysis and the theory of functions, including Dini's theorem on uniform convergence.
-
B.
Enrico Betti
Enrico Betti was a 19th-century Italian mathematician best known for his foundational work in topology, particularly the introduction of Betti numbers.
-
C.
Guido Fubini
Guido Fubini was an Italian mathematician best known for his foundational work in analysis and for formulating Fubini's theorem on the interchange of order of integration.
-
D.
Giuseppe Peano
Giuseppe Peano was an Italian mathematician and logician best known for his foundational work in mathematical logic, the formalization of arithmetic (including the Peano axioms), and contributions to the development of modern symbolic notation.
-
E.
Eugenio Beltrami
Eugenio Beltrami was a 19th-century Italian mathematician best known for providing the first rigorous models of non-Euclidean geometry, helping to establish its consistency and significance in modern mathematics.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Ernst Cesàro Triple: [theory of divergent series, hasHistoricalFigure, Ernst Cesàro]
Generated description
Ernst Cesàro was a Belgian mathematician known for his influential work in summability theory and the study of divergent series.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Ernst Cesàro Target entity description: Ernst Cesàro was a Belgian mathematician known for his influential work in summability theory and the study of divergent series.
-
A.
Ulisse Dini
Ulisse Dini was an Italian mathematician known for his contributions to real analysis and the theory of functions, including Dini's theorem on uniform convergence.
-
B.
Enrico Betti
Enrico Betti was a 19th-century Italian mathematician best known for his foundational work in topology, particularly the introduction of Betti numbers.
-
C.
Guido Fubini
Guido Fubini was an Italian mathematician best known for his foundational work in analysis and for formulating Fubini's theorem on the interchange of order of integration.
-
D.
Giuseppe Peano
Giuseppe Peano was an Italian mathematician and logician best known for his foundational work in mathematical logic, the formalization of arithmetic (including the Peano axioms), and contributions to the development of modern symbolic notation.
-
E.
Eugenio Beltrami
Eugenio Beltrami was a 19th-century Italian mathematician best known for providing the first rigorous models of non-Euclidean geometry, helping to establish its consistency and significance in modern mathematics.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d8d38465a0819099b9b42d2a662ac1 |
completed | April 10, 2026, 10:40 a.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69e53065e8388190bb216dae89f8cf75 |
completed | April 19, 2026, 7:43 p.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_6a043f2f64848190808075254008e6e1 |
completed | May 13, 2026, 9:06 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_6a043fb7db388190bb50cfade4f025f9 |
completed | May 13, 2026, 9:09 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_6a044063c6048190b65620af8ceed897 |
completed | May 13, 2026, 9:12 a.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 11:35 a.m.