Triple

T18299109
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Hecke operators E438307 entity
Predicate appearIn P795 FINISHED
Object Atkin–Lehner theory
Atkin–Lehner theory is a framework in the theory of modular forms that studies their symmetries and decompositions using certain involutions and operators, refining the structure of spaces of modular forms and newforms.
E1317432 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Atkin–Lehner theory | Statement: [Hecke operators, appearIn, Atkin–Lehner theory]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Atkin–Lehner theory
Context triple: [Hecke operators, appearIn, Atkin–Lehner theory]
  • A. Hecke theory
    Hecke theory is a branch of number theory centered on Hecke operators and modular forms, providing powerful tools to study arithmetic properties of modular forms and related objects.
  • B. Eichler–Shimura theory
    Eichler–Shimura theory is a foundational framework in number theory and arithmetic geometry that connects modular forms with the cohomology of modular curves and the theory of elliptic curves.
  • C. Automorphic Forms and Representations
    Automorphic Forms and Representations is a foundational mathematical monograph that develops the theory of automorphic forms and their connections to representation theory and number theory.
  • D. Hecke operators
    Hecke operators are algebraic operators acting on modular forms that play a central role in number theory, particularly in understanding congruences, L-functions, and the arithmetic of modular forms.
  • E. Shimura correspondence
    The Shimura correspondence is a fundamental result in number theory that establishes a deep link between modular forms of half-integral weight and modular forms of integral weight, with important applications to L-functions and arithmetic geometry.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Atkin–Lehner theory
Triple: [Hecke operators, appearIn, Atkin–Lehner theory]
Generated description
Atkin–Lehner theory is a framework in the theory of modular forms that studies their symmetries and decompositions using certain involutions and operators, refining the structure of spaces of modular forms and newforms.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Atkin–Lehner theory
Target entity description: Atkin–Lehner theory is a framework in the theory of modular forms that studies their symmetries and decompositions using certain involutions and operators, refining the structure of spaces of modular forms and newforms.
  • A. Hecke theory
    Hecke theory is a branch of number theory centered on Hecke operators and modular forms, providing powerful tools to study arithmetic properties of modular forms and related objects.
  • B. Eichler–Shimura theory
    Eichler–Shimura theory is a foundational framework in number theory and arithmetic geometry that connects modular forms with the cohomology of modular curves and the theory of elliptic curves.
  • C. Automorphic Forms and Representations
    Automorphic Forms and Representations is a foundational mathematical monograph that develops the theory of automorphic forms and their connections to representation theory and number theory.
  • D. Hecke operators
    Hecke operators are algebraic operators acting on modular forms that play a central role in number theory, particularly in understanding congruences, L-functions, and the arithmetic of modular forms.
  • E. Shimura correspondence
    The Shimura correspondence is a fundamental result in number theory that establishes a deep link between modular forms of half-integral weight and modular forms of integral weight, with important applications to L-functions and arithmetic geometry.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8b915e3e881909125d760c15d0c29 completed April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e5017d96588190ac1e326803142976 completed April 19, 2026, 4:23 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a03bb5e1fb481908a0b98ea130eda71 completed May 12, 2026, 11:44 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a03bdb3fb3c819095192ac49e809f55 completed May 12, 2026, 11:54 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a03c193a0a08190b33d80d45f3ed0f0 completed May 13, 2026, 12:10 a.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:35 a.m.