Triple

T18204711
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject OPT E435873 entity
Predicate hasPaper P100629 FINISHED
Object OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models
OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models is a family of openly released large-scale transformer-based language models developed by Meta AI to provide transparent, reproducible alternatives to proprietary models like GPT-3.
E1312450 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models | Statement: [OPT, hasPaper, OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models
Context triple: [OPT, hasPaper, OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models]
  • A. Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners
    "Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners" is a 2019 OpenAI research paper that demonstrated how large-scale unsupervised language models like GPT-2 can perform a wide range of tasks without task-specific training.
  • B. Embeddings from Language Models
    Embeddings from Language Models (ELMo) is a deep contextual word representation technique that uses bidirectional language models to capture rich, context-dependent meanings of words for natural language processing tasks.
  • C. Language Models are Few-Shot Learners
    "Language Models are Few-Shot Learners" is a landmark research paper that demonstrated large-scale transformer-based language models can perform diverse tasks from just a few examples without task-specific training.
  • D. Exploring the Limits of Language Modeling
    "Exploring the Limits of Language Modeling" is a research paper that investigates how far large-scale neural language models can be pushed in terms of performance, scalability, and generalization on natural language tasks.
  • E. Megatron-LM
    Megatron-LM is a large-scale language model training framework developed by NVIDIA, designed to efficiently train massive transformer models through model, tensor, and pipeline parallelism.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models
Triple: [OPT, hasPaper, OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models]
Generated description
OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models is a family of openly released large-scale transformer-based language models developed by Meta AI to provide transparent, reproducible alternatives to proprietary models like GPT-3.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models
Target entity description: OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models is a family of openly released large-scale transformer-based language models developed by Meta AI to provide transparent, reproducible alternatives to proprietary models like GPT-3.
  • A. Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners
    "Language Models are Unsupervised Multitask Learners" is a 2019 OpenAI research paper that demonstrated how large-scale unsupervised language models like GPT-2 can perform a wide range of tasks without task-specific training.
  • B. Embeddings from Language Models
    Embeddings from Language Models (ELMo) is a deep contextual word representation technique that uses bidirectional language models to capture rich, context-dependent meanings of words for natural language processing tasks.
  • C. Language Models are Few-Shot Learners
    "Language Models are Few-Shot Learners" is a landmark research paper that demonstrated large-scale transformer-based language models can perform diverse tasks from just a few examples without task-specific training.
  • D. Exploring the Limits of Language Modeling
    "Exploring the Limits of Language Modeling" is a research paper that investigates how far large-scale neural language models can be pushed in terms of performance, scalability, and generalization on natural language tasks.
  • E. Megatron-LM
    Megatron-LM is a large-scale language model training framework developed by NVIDIA, designed to efficiently train massive transformer models through model, tensor, and pipeline parallelism.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8b90dba6481908e119eb9aa4ca0cb completed April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e4e222831081908f7d5500424e3acb completed April 19, 2026, 2:09 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a039f0e52108190913cc5c667619d89 completed May 12, 2026, 9:43 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a039fdd9c4c819083b450657d0ece43 completed May 12, 2026, 9:47 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a03a0d6de8c8190b1f94c7de0856143 completed May 12, 2026, 9:51 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:32 a.m.