Triple

T18202364
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject South African Army Air Defence Artillery Formation E435819 entity
Predicate usesWeaponSystem P20224 FINISHED
Object ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun
The ZU-23-2 is a Soviet-designed, towed, twin-barreled 23 mm anti-aircraft autocannon widely used around the world for short-range air defense and ground support.
E1313752 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun | Statement: [South African Army Air Defence Artillery Formation, usesWeaponSystem, ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun
Context triple: [South African Army Air Defence Artillery Formation, usesWeaponSystem, ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun]
  • A. S-60 57 mm anti-aircraft gun
    The S-60 57 mm anti-aircraft gun is a Soviet-designed, towed, radar-directed automatic cannon widely used during the Cold War for medium-altitude air defense.
  • B. Gepard self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
    The Gepard self-propelled anti-aircraft gun is a German-made, radar-guided, armored air-defense vehicle equipped with twin 35 mm cannons designed to protect ground forces from low-flying aircraft and helicopters.
  • C. GSh-30-2 30 mm cannon
    The GSh-30-2 is a Soviet/Russian twin-barrel 30 mm autocannon widely used on ground-attack aircraft for high-rate, close air support firepower.
  • D. GSh-30-1 30 mm cannon
    The GSh-30-1 is a Russian single-barrel 30 mm autocannon widely used on modern fighter aircraft for close-range air combat and ground attack.
  • E. ZSU-23-4 Shilka
    The ZSU-23-4 Shilka is a Soviet self-propelled, radar-guided anti-aircraft gun system armed with four 23 mm autocannons, widely used for low-altitude air defense.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun
Triple: [South African Army Air Defence Artillery Formation, usesWeaponSystem, ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun]
Generated description
The ZU-23-2 is a Soviet-designed, towed, twin-barreled 23 mm anti-aircraft autocannon widely used around the world for short-range air defense and ground support.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: ZU-23-2 anti-aircraft gun
Target entity description: The ZU-23-2 is a Soviet-designed, towed, twin-barreled 23 mm anti-aircraft autocannon widely used around the world for short-range air defense and ground support.
  • A. S-60 57 mm anti-aircraft gun
    The S-60 57 mm anti-aircraft gun is a Soviet-designed, towed, radar-directed automatic cannon widely used during the Cold War for medium-altitude air defense.
  • B. Gepard self-propelled anti-aircraft gun
    The Gepard self-propelled anti-aircraft gun is a German-made, radar-guided, armored air-defense vehicle equipped with twin 35 mm cannons designed to protect ground forces from low-flying aircraft and helicopters.
  • C. GSh-30-2 30 mm cannon
    The GSh-30-2 is a Soviet/Russian twin-barrel 30 mm autocannon widely used on ground-attack aircraft for high-rate, close air support firepower.
  • D. GSh-30-1 30 mm cannon
    The GSh-30-1 is a Russian single-barrel 30 mm autocannon widely used on modern fighter aircraft for close-range air combat and ground attack.
  • E. ZSU-23-4 Shilka
    The ZSU-23-4 Shilka is a Soviet self-propelled, radar-guided anti-aircraft gun system armed with four 23 mm autocannons, widely used for low-altitude air defense.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d8b90dba6481908e119eb9aa4ca0cb completed April 10, 2026, 8:47 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e4e220dca48190b54dabbd3c7c99b7 completed April 19, 2026, 2:09 p.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_6a03ac5f644881908ba6087343a0a22e completed May 12, 2026, 10:40 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_6a03ad0f18cc819093701d38846c595b completed May 12, 2026, 10:43 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_6a03ada3d1708190a6c08197a1141cf1 completed May 12, 2026, 10:45 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 10:32 a.m.