Triple

T15522193
Position Surface form Disambiguated ID Type / Status
Subject Lieb–Liniger model E368994 entity
Predicate relatedTo P37 FINISHED
Object Tonks–Girardeau model
The Tonks–Girardeau model describes a one-dimensional gas of impenetrable (hard-core) bosons that can be exactly mapped to non-interacting fermions, serving as a fundamental example of strongly correlated quantum many-body physics.
E1163673 NE FINISHED

How this triple was built (4 steps)

Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.

NER Named-entity recognition gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: Tonks–Girardeau model | Statement: [Lieb–Liniger model, relatedTo, Tonks–Girardeau model]
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tonks–Girardeau model
Context triple: [Lieb–Liniger model, relatedTo, Tonks–Girardeau model]
  • A. Lieb–Liniger model
    The Lieb–Liniger model is an exactly solvable quantum many-body system describing one-dimensional bosons with delta-function interactions, fundamental in the study of integrable systems and quantum gases.
  • B. Gross–Pitaevskii equation
    The Gross–Pitaevskii equation is a nonlinear Schrödinger-type equation that describes the macroscopic wavefunction and dynamics of weakly interacting Bose gases at ultra-cold temperatures.
  • C. Bose–Einstein condensate
    A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
  • D. Jaynes–Cummings model
    The Jaynes–Cummings model is a fundamental quantum optics model describing the interaction between a two-level atom and a single mode of the quantized electromagnetic field, widely used to study light–matter coupling and cavity quantum electrodynamics.
  • E. Bogoliubov theory of weakly interacting Bose gases
    Bogoliubov theory of weakly interacting Bose gases is a foundational quantum many-body framework that explains the excitation spectrum and collective behavior of dilute Bose–Einstein condensates by treating interactions as small perturbations around a condensed ground state.
  • F. None of above. chosen
  • G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg Description generation gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. 
You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. 
# Instructions
Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. 
Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential.
# Response Format
Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: Tonks–Girardeau model
Triple: [Lieb–Liniger model, relatedTo, Tonks–Girardeau model]
Generated description
The Tonks–Girardeau model describes a one-dimensional gas of impenetrable (hard-core) bosons that can be exactly mapped to non-interacting fermions, serving as a fundamental example of strongly correlated quantum many-body physics.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Tonks–Girardeau model
Target entity description: The Tonks–Girardeau model describes a one-dimensional gas of impenetrable (hard-core) bosons that can be exactly mapped to non-interacting fermions, serving as a fundamental example of strongly correlated quantum many-body physics.
  • A. Lieb–Liniger model
    The Lieb–Liniger model is an exactly solvable quantum many-body system describing one-dimensional bosons with delta-function interactions, fundamental in the study of integrable systems and quantum gases.
  • B. Gross–Pitaevskii equation
    The Gross–Pitaevskii equation is a nonlinear Schrödinger-type equation that describes the macroscopic wavefunction and dynamics of weakly interacting Bose gases at ultra-cold temperatures.
  • C. Bose–Einstein condensate
    A Bose–Einstein condensate is an exotic state of matter formed when a dilute gas of bosons is cooled to temperatures near absolute zero, causing a large fraction of the particles to occupy the same quantum state and behave as a single quantum entity.
  • D. Jaynes–Cummings model
    The Jaynes–Cummings model is a fundamental quantum optics model describing the interaction between a two-level atom and a single mode of the quantized electromagnetic field, widely used to study light–matter coupling and cavity quantum electrodynamics.
  • E. Bogoliubov theory of weakly interacting Bose gases
    Bogoliubov theory of weakly interacting Bose gases is a foundational quantum many-body framework that explains the excitation spectrum and collective behavior of dilute Bose–Einstein condensates by treating interactions as small perturbations around a condensed ground state.
  • F. None of above. chosen

Provenance (5 batches)

The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.

Step Stage Batch ID Status When
creating Elicitation batch_69d85a1794cc8190b0b428716296e63e completed April 10, 2026, 2:01 a.m.
NER Named-entity recognition batch_69e0403543188190abac49d2b9decb89 completed April 16, 2026, 1:49 a.m.
NED1 Entity disambiguation (via context triple) batch_69ff4552a8dc819082cb6c31a2c05606 completed May 9, 2026, 2:31 p.m.
NEDg Description generation batch_69ff4765f4a88190a6d12bdb8e158a88 completed May 9, 2026, 2:40 p.m.
NED2 Entity disambiguation (via description) batch_69ff47d81e408190888b86f3f69ca76e completed May 9, 2026, 2:42 p.m.
Created at: April 10, 2026, 4:04 a.m.