Triple
T14873453
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. |
E349807
|
entity |
| Predicate | holding |
P2237
|
FINISHED |
| Object | The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the federal income tax imposed by the Revenue Act of 1913. |
E126018
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (2 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the federal income tax imposed by the Revenue Act of 1913. | Statement: [Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., holding, The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the federal income tax imposed by the Revenue Act of 1913.]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the federal income tax imposed by the Revenue Act of 1913. Context triple: [Brushaber v. Union Pacific Railroad Co., holding, The Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the federal income tax imposed by the Revenue Act of 1913.]
-
A.
Revenue Act of 1913
chosen
The Revenue Act of 1913 was a landmark U.S. law that reintroduced a federal income tax and significantly lowered tariffs, reshaping the nation’s fiscal policy in the early 20th century.
-
B.
Revenue Act of 1921
The Revenue Act of 1921 was a U.S. federal tax law that significantly reduced wartime tax rates and marked the beginning of Treasury Secretary Andrew Mellon's pro-business tax reduction policies in the 1920s.
-
C.
Revenue Act of 1917
The Revenue Act of 1917 was a U.S. federal law that significantly increased income and excess profits taxes to help finance American involvement in World War I.
-
D.
Revenue Act of 1918
The Revenue Act of 1918 was a major U.S. federal tax law that sharply increased income and excess profits taxes to help finance American involvement in World War I and reshape the nation’s fiscal policy.
-
E.
Revenue Act of 1935
The Revenue Act of 1935 was a New Deal-era U.S. federal law that significantly increased taxes on high incomes, large inheritances, and corporate profits in an effort to redistribute wealth during the Great Depression.
- F. None of above.
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
Provenance (3 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d822ee4f408190b6ac3b2fa434f0df |
completed | April 9, 2026, 10:06 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69ded5e2c94c8190a16f05ea81701fc1 |
completed | April 15, 2026, 12:03 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69fe6b5101a48190937a86b6eda79c55 |
completed | May 8, 2026, 11:01 p.m. |
Created at: April 10, 2026, 1:55 a.m.