Triple
T10931148
| Position | Surface form | Disambiguated ID | Type / Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subject | Charles Augustus Young |
E258207
|
entity |
| Predicate | notableWork |
P4
|
FINISHED |
| Object |
General Astronomy (textbook)
General Astronomy is a foundational astronomy textbook by Charles Augustus Young that provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles and observations of the celestial universe.
|
E893427
|
NE FINISHED |
How this triple was built (4 steps)
Every LLM step that produced this triple, in pipeline order — named-entity classification, the disambiguation choices (the exact options shown, with the pick highlighted), and the generated description. The batch + timestamp of each is in the Provenance table below.
NER
Named-entity recognition
gpt-5-mini
Instruction
Given a phrase, classify it is english named entity (e.g., persons, organizations, works of art) in Latin script, or not (e.g., literals, dates, URLs, verbose phrases). For disambiguation, the statement where the phrase occurs as object is also given. Please return a JSON object with `phrase` (string, the phrase being analyzed) and `is_ne` (boolean, indicating whether the phrase is a Named Entity).
Input
Phrase: General Astronomy (textbook) | Statement: [Charles Augustus Young, notableWork, General Astronomy (textbook)]
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Astronomy (textbook) Context triple: [Charles Augustus Young, notableWork, General Astronomy (textbook)]
-
A.
An Introduction to Practical Astronomy
"An Introduction to Practical Astronomy" is a foundational 19th-century textbook by Elias Loomis that systematically teaches observational and positional astronomy for students and amateur astronomers.
-
B.
Frontiers of Astronomy
Frontiers of Astronomy is a seminal 1955 popular science book by astrophysicist Fred Hoyle that presents and explains key developments and ideas in modern astronomy and cosmology.
-
C.
A Compendium of Spherical Astronomy
A Compendium of Spherical Astronomy is a foundational 19th-century textbook by Simon Newcomb that systematically presents the mathematical and theoretical principles underlying positional astronomy and celestial mechanics.
-
D.
Astronomical Book
The Astronomical Book is a section of the ancient Jewish apocalyptic work 1 Enoch that presents detailed revelations about the structure of the heavens, the movements of celestial bodies, and the calendar.
-
E.
The Physical Universe
The Physical Universe is a widely used introductory astronomy and astrophysics textbook by Frank H. Shu that provides a rigorous, calculus-based overview of the structure and behavior of the cosmos.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NEDg
Description generation
gpt-5.1
Instruction
Generate a one-sentence description of the target entity. You are given a context triple in the form (subject, predicate, object), where the object is the target entity. # Instructions Use the triple to infer relevant information about the entity. Describe the entity based on what is most defining, well-known. Avoid repeating the information from the triple, unless really essential. # Response Format Return only the sentence: "Description: [one-sentence description of the target entity]"
Input
Entity: General Astronomy (textbook) Triple: [Charles Augustus Young, notableWork, General Astronomy (textbook)]
Generated description
General Astronomy is a foundational astronomy textbook by Charles Augustus Young that provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles and observations of the celestial universe.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: General Astronomy (textbook) Target entity description: General Astronomy is a foundational astronomy textbook by Charles Augustus Young that provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles and observations of the celestial universe.
-
A.
An Introduction to Practical Astronomy
"An Introduction to Practical Astronomy" is a foundational 19th-century textbook by Elias Loomis that systematically teaches observational and positional astronomy for students and amateur astronomers.
-
B.
Frontiers of Astronomy
Frontiers of Astronomy is a seminal 1955 popular science book by astrophysicist Fred Hoyle that presents and explains key developments and ideas in modern astronomy and cosmology.
-
C.
A Compendium of Spherical Astronomy
A Compendium of Spherical Astronomy is a foundational 19th-century textbook by Simon Newcomb that systematically presents the mathematical and theoretical principles underlying positional astronomy and celestial mechanics.
-
D.
Astronomical Book
The Astronomical Book is a section of the ancient Jewish apocalyptic work 1 Enoch that presents detailed revelations about the structure of the heavens, the movements of celestial bodies, and the calendar.
-
E.
The Physical Universe
The Physical Universe is a widely used introductory astronomy and astrophysics textbook by Frank H. Shu that provides a rigorous, calculus-based overview of the structure and behavior of the cosmos.
- F. None of above. chosen
Provenance (5 batches)
The batch behind each pipeline step, in order, with when it ran. Timestamps are batch-level — stages were processed in waves, so the object chain (NER → NED1 → NEDg → NED2) reads in order, but predicate / elicitation batches can sit in a different wave.
| Step | Stage | Batch ID | Status | When |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| creating | Elicitation | batch_69d6aa8769b4819082bfe5e61b9017f0 |
completed | April 8, 2026, 7:20 p.m. |
| NER | Named-entity recognition | batch_69d770a062f481908beb76c6dbaeb6a6 |
completed | April 9, 2026, 9:25 a.m. |
| NED1 | Entity disambiguation (via context triple) | batch_69e2175711d4819088f93bdf64ba4d3f |
completed | April 17, 2026, 11:19 a.m. |
| NEDg | Description generation | batch_69e21e54e22881908726f088643edfd2 |
completed | April 17, 2026, 11:49 a.m. |
| NED2 | Entity disambiguation (via description) | batch_69e21f1134d0819082fcc735da61d347 |
completed | April 17, 2026, 11:52 a.m. |
Created at: April 8, 2026, 9:23 p.m.