Richard Axel
E99602
Richard Axel is an American neuroscientist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work on the molecular biology of the sense of smell.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Richard Axel canonical | 4 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T845204 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Richard Axel Context triple: [Columbia University, hasNotableFaculty, Richard Axel]
-
A.
Kenneth A. Jessell
Kenneth A. Jessell is an American academic administrator and economist who serves as the president of Florida International University.
-
B.
Richard Tsien
Richard Tsien is a prominent American neuroscientist and biophysicist renowned for his pioneering work on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of synaptic transmission and plasticity.
-
C.
Ann Graybiel
Ann Graybiel is a renowned neuroscientist known for her pioneering research on the basal ganglia and its role in habit formation and movement control.
-
D.
Edvard Moser
Edvard Moser is a Norwegian neuroscientist and Nobel laureate renowned for his discovery of grid cells, which are crucial for the brain’s spatial navigation system.
-
E.
Mark Ptashne
Mark Ptashne is an American molecular biologist renowned for his pioneering work on gene regulation and the discovery of how transcription factors control gene expression in phage and eukaryotic systems.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Richard Axel Target entity description: Richard Axel is an American neuroscientist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work on the molecular biology of the sense of smell.
-
A.
Kenneth A. Jessell
Kenneth A. Jessell is an American academic administrator and economist who serves as the president of Florida International University.
-
B.
Richard Tsien
Richard Tsien is a prominent American neuroscientist and biophysicist renowned for his pioneering work on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of synaptic transmission and plasticity.
-
C.
Ann Graybiel
Ann Graybiel is a renowned neuroscientist known for her pioneering research on the basal ganglia and its role in habit formation and movement control.
-
D.
Edvard Moser
Edvard Moser is a Norwegian neuroscientist and Nobel laureate renowned for his discovery of grid cells, which are crucial for the brain’s spatial navigation system.
-
E.
Mark Ptashne
Mark Ptashne is an American molecular biologist renowned for his pioneering work on gene regulation and the discovery of how transcription factors control gene expression in phage and eukaryotic systems.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Nobel laureate
ⓘ
human ⓘ molecular biologist ⓘ neuroscientist ⓘ |
| academicDiscipline | neurobiology ⓘ |
| awardReceived |
Albany Medical Center Prize
ⓘ
Gairdner Foundation International Award ⓘ Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize ⓘ Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine ⓘ |
| citizenshipStatus | American ⓘ |
| coRecipientOf |
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2004
ⓘ
linked to:
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
|
| countryOfCitizenship | United States of America ⓘ |
| dateOfBirth | 1946-07-02 ⓘ |
| doctoralAdvisor | Sol Spiegelman ⓘ |
| educatedAt |
Columbia University
ⓘ
Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine ⓘ
linked to:
Johns Hopkins School of Medicine
|
| employer | Columbia University ⓘ |
| familyName | Axel ⓘ |
| fieldOfWork |
molecular biology
ⓘ
neuroscience ⓘ olfaction ⓘ |
| givenName | Richard ⓘ |
| hasDoctoralDegreeIn |
biomedical sciences
ⓘ
medicine ⓘ |
| hasORCID | 0000-0002-XXXX-XXXX ⓘ |
| hasRole |
principal investigator
ⓘ
university professor ⓘ |
| influenced | modern olfactory neuroscience ⓘ |
| knownFor |
discovering large family of olfactory receptor genes
ⓘ
elucidating organization of olfactory system ⓘ |
| languageOfWorkOrName | English ⓘ |
| memberOf |
American Academy of Arts and Sciences
ⓘ
Howard Hughes Medical Institute ⓘ
linked to:
Howard Hughes Medical Institute headquarters
National Academy of Sciences ⓘ |
| NobelPrizeCategory |
Physiology or Medicine
ⓘ
linked to:
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
|
| NobelPrizeYear | 2004 ⓘ |
| notableFor | molecular biology of the sense of smell ⓘ |
| notableStudent |
Linda B. Buck
ⓘ
linked to:
Linda Buck
|
| notableWork | Odorant receptor gene family discovery ⓘ |
| placeOfBirth | New York City ⓘ |
| positionHeld | professor at Columbia University ⓘ |
| researchFocus |
neural circuits of olfaction
ⓘ
sensory perception ⓘ |
| sexOrGender | male ⓘ |
| sharesNobelPrizeWith |
Linda B. Buck
ⓘ
linked to:
Linda Buck
|
| workInstitution | Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Richard Axel Description of subject: Richard Axel is an American neuroscientist and Nobel laureate renowned for his pioneering work on the molecular biology of the sense of smell.
Referenced by (4)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.