Second Buddhist Council
E940220
The Second Buddhist Council was an early gathering of monks, traditionally dated about a century after the Buddha’s death, convened to settle disputes over monastic discipline and preserve doctrinal purity within the Buddhist community.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Second Buddhist Council canonical | 5 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11672467 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Second Buddhist Council Context triple: [Indian Buddhism, hasCouncil, Second Buddhist Council]
-
A.
Third Buddhist Council
The Third Buddhist Council was a pivotal gathering of monks in ancient India, traditionally held under Emperor Ashoka, to purify the sangha of doctrinal disputes and heresies and to systematize Buddhist teachings.
-
B.
Fourth Buddhist Council (Kanishka)
The Fourth Buddhist Council (Kanishka) was a major Buddhist assembly convened under the Kushan emperor Kanishka I, traditionally associated with the codification and spread of Mahayana Buddhist doctrine in Central and South Asia.
-
C.
Sthavira Nikaya
Sthavira Nikaya was one of the earliest Buddhist monastic schools that emerged after the first schisms in the Buddhist community, forming a major lineage from which several later traditions, including Theravada, developed.
-
D.
Synod of Sutri
The Synod of Sutri was an 11th-century church council that deposed rival claimants to the papacy, helping to resolve a major papal schism and pave the way for church reform.
-
E.
Third session of the Second Vatican Council
The Third session of the Second Vatican Council was a key phase of the 1962–1965 Catholic Church council during which major documents on ecumenism and church reform were debated and promulgated.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Second Buddhist Council Target entity description: The Second Buddhist Council was an early gathering of monks, traditionally dated about a century after the Buddha’s death, convened to settle disputes over monastic discipline and preserve doctrinal purity within the Buddhist community.
-
A.
Third Buddhist Council
The Third Buddhist Council was a pivotal gathering of monks in ancient India, traditionally held under Emperor Ashoka, to purify the sangha of doctrinal disputes and heresies and to systematize Buddhist teachings.
-
B.
Fourth Buddhist Council (Kanishka)
The Fourth Buddhist Council (Kanishka) was a major Buddhist assembly convened under the Kushan emperor Kanishka I, traditionally associated with the codification and spread of Mahayana Buddhist doctrine in Central and South Asia.
-
C.
Sthavira Nikaya
Sthavira Nikaya was one of the earliest Buddhist monastic schools that emerged after the first schisms in the Buddhist community, forming a major lineage from which several later traditions, including Theravada, developed.
-
D.
Synod of Sutri
The Synod of Sutri was an 11th-century church council that deposed rival claimants to the papacy, helping to resolve a major papal schism and pave the way for church reform.
-
E.
Third session of the Second Vatican Council
The Third session of the Second Vatican Council was a key phase of the 1962–1965 Catholic Church council during which major documents on ecumenism and church reform were debated and promulgated.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (46)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Buddhist council
ⓘ
religious assembly ⓘ |
| aimedAt | upholding the original Vinaya as understood by conservative elders ⓘ |
| associatedWith |
Mahāsāṃghika faction
ⓘ
linked to:
Mahasamghika
Sthavira (Elders) faction ⓘ
linked to:
Sthavira Nikaya
|
| category |
Buddhist councils
ⓘ
Buddhist monastic discipline ⓘ Events in early Buddhist history ⓘ |
| chronologicalOrder | second council after the Buddha ⓘ |
| concerns |
orthodoxy of monastic practice
ⓘ
unity of the Buddhist sangha ⓘ |
| convenedBy | elders of the Buddhist sangha ⓘ |
| follows | teachings of Gautama Buddha ⓘ |
| followsEvent | First Buddhist Council ⓘ |
| hasApproximateDate |
about 100 years after the Buddha’s parinirvana
ⓘ
circa 4th century BCE ⓘ |
| hasKeyFigure |
Revata
ⓘ
Sabbakāmi ⓘ Yasa ⓘ |
| hasOutcome |
deepening division between conservative and more liberal monks
ⓘ
precedent for later schisms in the Buddhist sangha ⓘ |
| hasPurpose |
maintenance of Vinaya rules
ⓘ
preservation of doctrinal purity ⓘ settlement of disputes over monastic discipline ⓘ |
| heldIn | ancient India ⓘ |
| historicityStatus | partly historical and partly legendary in modern scholarship ⓘ |
| languageContext | early Buddhist Middle Indo-Aryan languages ⓘ |
| locationTradition |
Vaiśālī
ⓘ
Vesālī ⓘ |
| mainIssue |
acceptance of money by monks
ⓘ
alleged relaxation of monastic discipline ⓘ consumption of food after midday ⓘ drinking of fermented beverages ⓘ interpretation of Vinaya rules ⓘ procedures for communal decision-making ⓘ storage and use of salt ⓘ use of luxurious seats and beds ⓘ |
| numberOfIssuesDiscussed | ten points of discipline ⓘ |
| precedesEvent |
Third Buddhist Council (according to some traditions)
ⓘ
linked to:
Third Buddhist Council
|
| preservedIn |
Theravāda tradition
ⓘ
linked to:
Theravada
other early Buddhist schools’ accounts ⓘ |
| recordedIn |
Pāli Vinaya
ⓘ
various Sanskrit and Prakrit Vinaya traditions ⓘ |
| religion | Buddhism ⓘ |
| resultedIn |
condemnation of certain lax practices as unlawful
ⓘ
reaffirmation of stricter Vinaya interpretation by the majority ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Second Buddhist Council Description of subject: The Second Buddhist Council was an early gathering of monks, traditionally dated about a century after the Buddha’s death, convened to settle disputes over monastic discipline and preserve doctrinal purity within the Buddhist community.
Referenced by (5)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.