Stanford v. Kentucky
E914617
Stanford v. Kentucky is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of executing offenders who were 16 or 17 years old at the time of their crimes, a stance later reversed by Roper v. Simmons.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Stanford v. Kentucky canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11257155 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stanford v. Kentucky Context triple: [Roper v. Simmons, overruledCase, Stanford v. Kentucky]
-
A.
Kentucky v. Dennison
Kentucky v. Dennison was an 1861 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited federal power by holding that federal courts could not compel state governors to carry out interstate extradition.
-
B.
Flood v. Kuhn
Flood v. Kuhn is a landmark 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case in which baseball player Curt Flood challenged Major League Baseball’s reserve clause and its long-standing antitrust exemption.
-
C.
Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada
Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada was a 1938 U.S. Supreme Court case that challenged racial segregation in higher education and laid important groundwork for the later decision in Brown v. Board of Education.
-
D.
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Dartmouth College v. Woodward is an 1819 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the protection of corporate charters as contracts under the Constitution, limiting states’ power to alter them.
-
E.
Brzonkala v. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Brzonkala v. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University was a federal civil rights case in which a former Virginia Tech student sued her alleged rapists and the university under the Violence Against Women Act, setting the stage for the Supreme Court’s decision in United States v. Morrison on the limits of Congress’s Commerce Clause power.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Stanford v. Kentucky Target entity description: Stanford v. Kentucky is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of executing offenders who were 16 or 17 years old at the time of their crimes, a stance later reversed by Roper v. Simmons.
-
A.
Kentucky v. Dennison
Kentucky v. Dennison was an 1861 U.S. Supreme Court case that limited federal power by holding that federal courts could not compel state governors to carry out interstate extradition.
-
B.
Flood v. Kuhn
Flood v. Kuhn is a landmark 1972 U.S. Supreme Court case in which baseball player Curt Flood challenged Major League Baseball’s reserve clause and its long-standing antitrust exemption.
-
C.
Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada
Missouri ex rel. Gaines v. Canada was a 1938 U.S. Supreme Court case that challenged racial segregation in higher education and laid important groundwork for the later decision in Brown v. Board of Education.
-
D.
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Dartmouth College v. Woodward is an 1819 U.S. Supreme Court case that established the protection of corporate charters as contracts under the Constitution, limiting states’ power to alter them.
-
E.
Brzonkala v. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
Brzonkala v. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University was a federal civil rights case in which a former Virginia Tech student sued her alleged rapists and the university under the Violence Against Women Act, setting the stage for the Supreme Court’s decision in United States v. Morrison on the limits of Congress’s Commerce Clause power.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (43)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
Eighth Amendment case
ⓘ
United States Supreme Court case ⓘ criminal law case ⓘ |
| areaOfLaw |
capital punishment
ⓘ
juvenile justice ⓘ |
| arguedDate | 1988-12-06 ⓘ |
| citation | 492 U.S. 361 ⓘ |
| concurrenceBy | Sandra Day O’Connor ⓘ |
| constitutionalProvision |
Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution
ⓘ
Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution ⓘ
linked to:
Fourteenth Amendment
|
| country |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| court | Supreme Court of the United States ⓘ |
| decisionDate | 1989-06-26 ⓘ |
| dissentBy |
Harry A. Blackmun
ⓘ
John Paul Stevens ⓘ Thurgood Marshall ⓘ William J. Brennan Jr. ⓘ |
| docketNumber | No. 87-5765 ⓘ |
| fullName | Stanford v. Kentucky, 492 U.S. 361 (1989) ⓘ |
| holding | The Eighth Amendment does not prohibit the execution of offenders who were 16 or 17 years old at the time of their capital crimes ⓘ |
| impact | upheld constitutionality of executing 16- and 17-year-old offenders until reversed by Roper v. Simmons ⓘ |
| jurisdiction |
United States
ⓘ
linked to:
United States of America
|
| language | English ⓘ |
| legalIssue | constitutionality of the death penalty for offenders who were 16 or 17 at the time of their crimes ⓘ |
| majorityJoinedBy |
Anthony M. Kennedy
ⓘ
Byron R. White ⓘ Sandra Day O’Connor ⓘ William H. Rehnquist ⓘ |
| majorityOpinionBy | Antonin Scalia ⓘ |
| overruledBy | Roper v. Simmons ⓘ |
| overruledByCitation | 543 U.S. 551 (2005) ⓘ |
| petitioner | Kevin Nigel Stanford ⓘ |
| plurality | Yes ⓘ |
| precedentStatus | overruled in part ⓘ |
| relatedCase |
Gregg v. Georgia
ⓘ
Roper v. Simmons ⓘ Thompson v. Oklahoma ⓘ |
| respondent | Kentucky ⓘ |
| result | Judgment of the Kentucky Supreme Court affirmed ⓘ |
| standardApplied | evolving standards of decency ⓘ |
| topic | juvenile death penalty in the United States ⓘ |
| typeOfAppeal | direct appeal from state court of last resort ⓘ |
| yearDecided | 1989 ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Stanford v. Kentucky Description of subject: Stanford v. Kentucky is a 1989 U.S. Supreme Court decision that upheld the constitutionality of executing offenders who were 16 or 17 years old at the time of their crimes, a stance later reversed by Roper v. Simmons.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.