Synod of Lodi (1164)
E910367
The Synod of Lodi (1164) was a church council in northern Italy that backed the imperial antipope Paschal III against Pope Alexander III during the wider conflict between the papacy and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa.
All labels observed (1)
| Label | Occurrences |
|---|---|
| Synod of Lodi (1164) canonical | 1 |
How this entity was disambiguated
This entity first appeared as the object of triple T11194997 — resolving that mention is where its identity was fixed. The disambiguator weighed these candidate entities and picked the highlighted one (or “None”, minting a new entity). This is how homonymy is resolved: the same surface form can point to different entities.
NED1
Entity disambiguation (via context triple)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Synod of Lodi (1164) Context triple: [Paschal III, supportedAt, Synod of Lodi (1164)]
-
A.
Synod of Sutri
The Synod of Sutri was an 11th-century church council that deposed rival claimants to the papacy, helping to resolve a major papal schism and pave the way for church reform.
-
B.
Synod of 1724
The Synod of 1724 was a pivotal church council that led to the formal emergence of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church in communion with Rome.
-
C.
Synod of Rome (963)
The Synod of Rome (963) was an imperial-backed church council convened by Holy Roman Emperor Otto I that condemned and removed Pope John XII from the papacy amid accusations of corruption and misconduct.
-
D.
Synod of Diamper
The Synod of Diamper was a 1599 ecclesiastical council in Kerala that brought the St. Thomas Christians under the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and sought to Latinize their ancient East Syriac traditions.
-
E.
Synod of Rome 863
The Synod of Rome 863 was a papal council convened by Pope Nicholas I that condemned and deposed Patriarch Photius of Constantinople, intensifying the Photian Schism between Rome and Constantinople.
- F. None of above. chosen
- G. Unsure - the case is ambiguous/there is not enough information to decide.
NED2
Entity disambiguation (via description)
gpt-5-mini-2025-08-07
Target entity: Synod of Lodi (1164) Target entity description: The Synod of Lodi (1164) was a church council in northern Italy that backed the imperial antipope Paschal III against Pope Alexander III during the wider conflict between the papacy and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa.
-
A.
Synod of Sutri
The Synod of Sutri was an 11th-century church council that deposed rival claimants to the papacy, helping to resolve a major papal schism and pave the way for church reform.
-
B.
Synod of 1724
The Synod of 1724 was a pivotal church council that led to the formal emergence of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church in communion with Rome.
-
C.
Synod of Rome (963)
The Synod of Rome (963) was an imperial-backed church council convened by Holy Roman Emperor Otto I that condemned and removed Pope John XII from the papacy amid accusations of corruption and misconduct.
-
D.
Synod of Diamper
The Synod of Diamper was a 1599 ecclesiastical council in Kerala that brought the St. Thomas Christians under the authority of the Roman Catholic Church and sought to Latinize their ancient East Syriac traditions.
-
E.
Synod of Rome 863
The Synod of Rome 863 was a papal council convened by Pope Nicholas I that condemned and deposed Patriarch Photius of Constantinople, intensifying the Photian Schism between Rome and Constantinople.
- F. None of above. chosen
Statements (37)
| Predicate | Object |
|---|---|
| instanceOf |
12th-century religious event
ⓘ
church council ⓘ synod ⓘ |
| category |
12th-century Catholic Church councils
ⓘ
Church councils in Italy ⓘ Events in Lodi, Lombardy ⓘ |
| chronologicalContext |
pontificate of Alexander III
ⓘ
reign of Frederick I Barbarossa ⓘ |
| conflict |
Papal–imperial conflict of the 12th century
ⓘ
linked to:
Hohenstaufen–papacy conflict
schism between supporters of Alexander III and Paschal III ⓘ |
| country |
Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)
ⓘ
linked to:
Kingdom of Italy (medieval)
|
| followedBy | further imperial synods supporting Paschal III ⓘ |
| hasCause | conflict between papacy and Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa ⓘ |
| hasEffect |
deepened division within the Western Church
ⓘ
strengthened imperial support for Paschal III ⓘ |
| hasJurisdiction | imperial-aligned clergy in northern Italy ⓘ |
| hasLanguage | Latin ⓘ |
| hasLocation |
Lodi
ⓘ
Lombardy ⓘ northern Italy ⓘ |
| historicalPeriod | High Middle Ages ⓘ |
| locatedInTime | 12th century ⓘ |
| opposed | Pope Alexander III ⓘ |
| opposedBy | supporters of Pope Alexander III ⓘ |
| participant |
imperial bishops
ⓘ
supporters of Frederick I Barbarossa ⓘ supporters of antipope Paschal III ⓘ |
| partOf |
history of the Catholic Church in Italy
ⓘ
history of the Holy Roman Empire ⓘ |
| pointInTime | 1164 ⓘ |
| politicalAlignment | pro-imperial ⓘ |
| religion |
Catholic Church
ⓘ
linked to:
Roman Catholicism
|
| supported |
Frederick I Barbarossa
ⓘ
antipope Paschal III ⓘ
linked to:
Antipope Paschal III
|
| topic |
papal legitimacy
ⓘ
recognition of antipope Paschal III ⓘ relations between papacy and Holy Roman Empire ⓘ |
How these facts were elicited
The pipeline generated the facts above by prompting gpt-5.1 with this entity's name + description and the instruction below.
Instruction
You are a knowledge base construction expert. Given a subject entity and a description of it, return factual statements that you know for the subject as a JSON list of dictionaries(triples), where keys must be "subject", "predicate" and "object". The number of facts may be very high, between 25 to 50 or more, for very popular subjects. For less popular subjects, the number of facts can be very low, like 5 or 10. # Requirements - If you don't know the subject at all, return an empty list. - If the subject is not a named entity, return an empty list. - Include at least one triple where predicate is "instanceOf". - Do not get too wordy. - Separate several objects into multiple triples with one object.
Input
Subject: Synod of Lodi (1164) Description of subject: The Synod of Lodi (1164) was a church council in northern Italy that backed the imperial antipope Paschal III against Pope Alexander III during the wider conflict between the papacy and Emperor Frederick Barbarossa.
Referenced by (1)
Full triples — surface form annotated when it differs from this entity's canonical label.